2018—2022年淄博地区中小学传染病情况监测分析

Monitoring and Analysis of Infectious Diseases in Primary and Secondary Schools in Zibo From 2018 to 2022

目的了解2018—2022年淄博地区中小学传染病报告情况,为中小学传染病防控提供指导。方法通过中国突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统,获取2018—2022年淄博地区报告的中小学传染病突发事件信息,用描述性流行病学方法,分析中小学传染病情况。结果2018—2022年淄博地区中小学生累计226841人,共计传染病1335例,传染病发病率为5.89‰。其中呼吸道传染病有1263例,消化道传染病72例,占比为5.58‰、0.03‰。不同年度学生传染病发病率相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且同一年度学生呼吸道传染病高于消化道传染病发病率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。小学组传染病发病率比初中组、高中组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。水痘、猩红热、腮腺炎、痢疾是2018—2022年中小学传染病总体发病率的前4名,呼吸道传染病和消化道传染病发病率最高是水痘和痢疾。结论呼吸道传染病防控是中小学传染病监测的重点,尤其是加强小学传染病监测工作,应采取针对性防控措施,阻止中小学传染病的发生与流行。

Objective To understand the reporting situation of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools in Zibo from 2018 to 2022,and to provide guidance for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools.Methods Through the China Public Health Emergency Management Information System,the emer-gency information of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools reported in Zibo from 2018 to 2022 was ob-tained,and the situation of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools was analyzed by descriptive epidemio-logical methods.Results From 2018 to 2022,there were 226841 primary and middle school students in Zibo,with a total of 1335 cases of infectious diseases,and the incidence of infectious diseases was 5.89‰.Among them,there were 1263 cases of respiratory tract infectious diseases and 72 cases of digestive tract infectious diseases,accounting for 5.58‰and 0.03‰.Compared with the incidence of infectious diseases in different years,the difference was statis-tically significant(P<0.05),in the same year,the incidence of respiratory tract infectious diseases was higher than that of digestive tract infectious diseases,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of infectious diseases in the primary school group was higher than that in the middle school and high school groups,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Varicenpox,scarlet fever,mumps and dysentery were the top four in the overall incidence of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools from 2018 to 2022,and the highest incidence of re-spiratory and digestive tract infectious diseases was chickenpox and dysentery.Conclusion The prevention and con-trol of respiratory infectious diseases is the focus of the monitoring of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools,especially to strengthen the monitoring of infectious diseases in primary schools,targeted prevention and con-trol measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases in primary and second-ary schools.