福州地区健康人群过敏原抗体检测与分析

Detection and Analysis of Allergen Antibodies in Healthy Populations in Fuzhou Area

目的探讨福建福州地区健康人群过敏原分布情况,为防治过敏性疾病提供依据。方法选取2021年6月—2022年6月在福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院健康管理中心接受健康体检的2916例受检者为研究对象,均通过免疫印迹法测定血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(IgE)抗体,并分析不同季节、性别的过敏原阳性率,明确分布特点。结果2916例受检者中,过敏原特异性抗体阳性1029例(35.29%),阴性1887例(64.71%);通过分析,吸入性过敏原阳性主要是户粉尘螨、猫狗毛皮屑、蟑螂、栎榆梧桐柳、霉菌、矮豚草蒿、葎草;食入性过敏原阳性主要是牛奶、鸡蛋白、牛肉/羊肉、鱼虾蟹、小麦、腰果花生黄、芒果。通过分组,食入性过敏原占比整体高于吸入性过敏原、夏秋季高于春冬季、男性高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论福州地区过敏原以食入性过敏原居多,且存在季节性和性别上的差异,有助于过敏性疾病的防治,为患者诊治提供依据。

Objective To explore the distribution of allergens in healthy populations in Fuzhou,Fujian,and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.Methods A total of 2916 subjects who underwent health examinations at the Health Management Center of the Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the research subjects.Serum allergen specific IgE antibodies were measured using immunoblotting,and the allergen positive rates in different seasons and genders were analyzed to clarify the distribution characteristics.Results Among the 2916 subjects,1029(35.29%)were positive for allergen specific antibodies and 1887(64.71%)were negative.According to the analysis,the positive allergens were mainly house dust mites,cat and dog fur scraps,cockroaches,oak,elm,wutong willow,mold,ragweed,humulus.Positive for ingestive allergens mainly include milk,egg white,beef/l amb,fish,shrimp,crab,wheat,cashew peanut yellow,and mango.By grouping,the overall proportion of ingested allergens was higher than that of inhaled allergens,Summer and autumn were higher than spring and winter.Season,male was higher than female,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion In Fuzhou area,the majority of allergens are ingestive allergens,and there are seasonal and gender differences,which contribute to the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases and provide a basis for patient diagnosis and treatment.