地铁车站步行设施超越行为负效应评价模型研究

Negative Effect Evaluation Model of Pedestrian Facilities'Transcendental Behavior in Subway Station

行人超越行为会引起步行设施服务水平下降,同时还会增加安全隐患。由于地铁车站步行设施类型的多样化和行人自身属性的差异化,导致行人超越行为特性复杂,并产生不同程度的影响和后果。为量化评价地铁车站步行设施超越行为负效应,首先基于行人动力学分析超越行为的运动特性及其负效应形成机理;其次,提出轨迹偏移率、速度熵、速度相对极差3个评价指标,并构建基于熵权法的超越行为负效应评价模型;最后,设计可控模拟实验定量确定行人发生超越行为时运动状态变化的负效应阈值,划分负效应评价等级,并追溯分析不同的通道行人服务水平条件下超越行为负效应等级的变化规律。研究成果可为考虑行人异质性行为的地铁车站精细化客流组织和设施布局设计提供理论依据。

The transcendental behavior leads to both a decline in the service level of pedestrian facilities and an increase in safety risks.The complexity of this behavior arises from the variety of pedestrian facilities in subway stations and the differentiation of pedestrian characteristics,leading to varying degrees of impact and consequences.This paper aimed to quantify the negative effect of the transcendental behavior of pedestrian facilities in subway stations.Firstly,pedestrian dynamics were utilized to analyze the motion characteristics of transcendental behavior and the formation mechanism of negative effects.Secondly,three evaluation indexes of trajectory offset rate,velocity entropy,and velocity relative range were proposed,and the negative effect evaluation model of transcendental behavior based on entropy weight method was constructed.Finally,a controllable simulation experiment was designed to quantitatively determine the negative effect threshold caused by changes in pedestrian movement state during transcendental behavior,categorize the levels of negative effect evaluation,and retrospectively analyze the change patterns of these levels under different pedestrian service conditions.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the refined passenger flow organization and facility layout design of subway stations,taking into account the pedestrians' heterogeneous transcendental behavior.