体检人群幽门螺杆菌感染状况的横断面研究

A cross-sectional study on Helicobacter pylori infection in the population undergoing physical examination

目的了解济南地区体检人群幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染状况,分析影响Hp流行的相关因素,为预防与诊疗Hp感染提供科学依据。方法以2018年1月至2022年12月在山东第一医科大学附属省立医院进行Hp-免疫球蛋白G(IgG)抗体检测的28875例体检者为研究对象,按性别、年龄、检测年份、疾病类型分组,比较各组间Hp感染率的差异。结果纳入研究的28875例体检者中,Hp现症感染率为45.42%(13115/28875),男性现症感染率为46.92%(7984/17015),女性现症感染率为43.26%(5131/11860),男女间差异有统计意义(χ^(2)=37.769,P<0.001)。年龄分组中Hp现症感染率在≤18岁组最低,50~60岁组最高,在50~60岁组之前随着年龄的增长感染率有升高的趋势,之后有降低的趋势。年份分组中随着年份的增加,Hp现症感染率降低。疾病类型分组中胃溃疡组Hp现症感染率最高,反流性食管炎组现症感染率最低,各组间差异有统计意义(χ^(2)=35.260,P<0.001)。结论本地区体检人群Hp现症感染率较全国平均水平低,男性较女性高,性别、年龄、年份都是影响感染率的因素,应加强对高发人群的预防与诊疗。

Objective To understand the status of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection among physical examiners in Jinan area,analyze the relevant factors affecting the prevalence of Hp,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of Hp infection.Methods A total of 28875 individuals who underwent Hp-immunoglobulin G(IgG)antibody testing at Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected as subjects.They were grouped according to gender,age,testing year,and disease type,and the differences in Hp infection rates among the groups were compared.Results Among the 28875 physical examination subjects,the current infection rate of Hp was 45.42%(13115/28875),male current infection rate was 46.92%(7984/17015),and female current infection rate was 43.26%(5131/11860),with statistically significant differences between males and females(χ^(2)=37.769,P<0.001).The current infection rate of Hp in the age group was the lowest in the≤18 year-old group,and the highest in the 50-60 year-old group.Before the 50-60 year-old group,the infection rate showed an increasing trend with age,and then a decreasing trend among the groups.As the year group increased,the Hp current infection rate decreased.In the disease type grouping,the Hp current infection rate of gastric ulcer group was the highest,the current infection rate of reflux esophagitis group was the lowest,and the differences between the groups are statistically significant(χ^(2)=35.260,P<0.001).Conclusions The Hp current infection rate among the physical examination population in this region is lower than the national average,with males being higher than females.Gender,age,and year are all factors that affect the infection rate.Therefore,prevention and treatment of high-risk populations should be strengthened.