2016年-2021年宜昌市某三甲综合型医院住院死亡病例的统计分析

Statistical Analysis of Inpatient Deaths in a Three A and Tertiary Comprehensive Hospital in Yichang from 2016 to 2021

目的回顾性分析宜昌市某三甲综合型医院2016-2021年间住院患者死亡病例,为提高医疗服务质量、优化配置医疗资源、制定疾病防治措施提供参考依据。方法提取2016年1月1日-2021年12月31日5147例住院死亡病例病案首页信息,以主要诊断为依据,按照ICD-10疾病分类原则进行统计,采用SPSS23.0统计软件对数据进行整理并分析各年度病死率、年龄、性别的构成、死亡患者死因构成及顺位情况,并用帕累托图分析死亡病例疾病分布情况。结果2016年-2021年某医院住院病死率为0.84%,男性患者病死率高于女性(χ^(2)=583.4 P<0.01),20岁以后病死率随着年龄的增长呈逐渐上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(F=39.328,P<0.01);死因前5位依次为恶性肿瘤(35.20%)、循环系统疾病(33.42%)、呼吸系统疾病(9.07%)、损伤与中毒(8.80%)及消化系统疾病(4.64%),前5位死亡占比共91.14%,恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病属于因素类别中的A类,为主要因素。结论恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病是死亡的主要因素,应重视这三种疾病的早期筛查和干预,进而降低发病率及病死率。

Objectives To retrospectively analyze the death cases of a Three A and Tertiary Comprehensive Hospital in Yichang from 2016 to 2021,and provide reference for improving the quality of medical service,optimizing the allocation of medical resources,and developing disease prevention and treatment measures.Methods The information of front pages of 5147 inpatient death cases from January 1st,2016 to December 31st,2021 was extracted.Based on the main diagnosis,disease classification statistics were conducted according to the ICD-10 standard.SPSS23.0 statistical software was used to sort out the data and analyze the composition of case fatality rate,age and gender,the composition and sequence of death causes of patients in each year,and the disease distribution of death cases was analyzed by Pareto diagram.Results From 2016 to 2021,the mortality of male patients was higher than that of female patients(χ^(2)=583.4 P<0.01).After 25 years old,the mortality of all age groups showed a gradually increasing trend with the increase of age,with statistical significance(F=39.328 P<0.01).The top 5 causes of death were malignant tumor(35.20%),circulatory system diseases(33.42%),respiratory system diseases(9.07%),injury and poisoning(8.80%)and digestive system diseases(4.64%).The top 5 causes of death accounted for 91.14%.Malignant tumors,circulatory system diseases and respiratory system diseases belong to category A of factors and are the main factors.Conclusions Malignant tumor,circulatory system disease and respiratory system disease were the main causes of death.In daily medical work,we should arrange medical resources scientifically and rationally,improve the treatment ability,reduce the mortality rate,and pay attention to the early screening and intervention of the three major diseases,so as to reduce the morbidity and mortality.