江西省县域农民现代化发展水平评价及区域差异分析

EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL DIFFERENCES OF FARMERS MODERNIZATION DEVELOPMENT LEVEL IN JIANGXI PROVINCE

[目的]基于乡村振兴战略有关要求以及新阶段“三农”发展现状、特征构建农民现代化综合评价指标体系,对2019年江西省103县(区)的农民现代化发展水平进行测度和评价。[方法]文章综合运用层次分析法和熵值法从职业素质、生活水平、生活环境、健康水平、市民化水平五方面选取了15个指标构建农民现代化综合评价指标体系,找出影响江西省农民现代化发展的主要因素,并对2019年江西省103县(区)的农民现代化水平进行测度。[结果](1)江西省农民现代化发展水平主要受职业素质、人均可支配收入、市民化水平等的影响;(2)江西省农民现代化发展水平总体评价值为0.565 5,空间分布上呈现出“西部高东部低,北部高南部低”的趋势;(3)从一级指标发展水平空间分布来看,农民职业素质发展水平、生活水平、生活环境发展水平、市民化发展水平均呈现出显著的多维性和异质性。其中,职业素质发展水平呈现出“西部高东部低,南部高北部低”的特征,生活水平、生活环境发展水平、市民化发展水平均呈现出“西部高东部低,北部高南部低”的特征。[结论]江西省农民现代化发展进程还有待推进,未来应该在加大农民职业教育培训力度、扩大农民增收渠道、加快促进农民就地市民化、加强区域间农民现代化发展交流合作等方面加强政策引导与支持,进一步提高农民现代化发展水平。

Based on the relevant requirements of rural revitalization strategy and the development status and characteristics of "agriculture,rural and farmers" in the new stage,a comprehensive evaluation index system was constructed to measure and evaluate the development level of farmers' modernization in 103 counties of Jiangxi province in 2019.By comprehensively using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and Entropy method,15 indicators were selected from five aspects:professional quality,living standards,living environment,urbanization level,and health level to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for farmers' modernization.The main factors affecting the modernization development of farmers in Jiangxi province were identified,and the modernization level of farmers in 103 counties(districts) of Jiangxi province in 2019 was measured.The results showed that:(1) The modernization development level of farmers in Jiangxi province was mainly affected by professional quality,per capita disposable income and citizenization level.(2) The overall evaluation value of the modernization development level of farmers in Jiangxi province was 0.565 5,and the regional distribution showed a trend of "high in the west and low in the east,high in the north and low in the south".(3) From the perspective of the spatial distribution of the development level of first-level indicators,the development level of farmers' professional quality,living standard,living environment and citizenization all showed significant multi-dimension and heterogeneity.Among them,the development level of professional quality showed the characteristics of "high in the west and low in the east,high in the south and low in the north".And the development level of living standards,living environment and citizenization showed the characteristics of "high in the west and low in the east,high in the north and low in the south".In summary,farmer's modernization level in Jiangxi province has yet to be promoted.In the future,Jiangxi province should strengthen policy guidance and support in strengthening farmers' vocational education and training,expanding farmers' income increase channels,accelerating farmers' local citizenization and strengthening regional exchanges and cooperation in farmers' modernization development,so as to further improve farmers' modernization development level.