区域统一的构建:再论战国时期秦对蜀的治理

Construction of Regional Unification:Re-discussion on Qin's Governance of Shu in the Warring States Period

战国中期秦并蜀后,对蜀近百年的统治,不仅为秦国的争霸与统一战争营造了重要的战略后勤基地,也让蜀地获得了新的发展契机。秦的先进制度、技术、文化传入了蜀地,促进了蜀的社会转型,有效地维护了秦、蜀的区域统一。但秦并蜀之初的封蜀侯于蜀及对蜀侯的屡次废、立,以及蜀民与西南夷部族对秦统治的疑虑,皆表明治蜀并非易事。秦凭借强大的武力优势,硬、柔手段并举,历经秦惠文王、武王、昭襄王三代君王的励精图治,终于稳固了对蜀地的郡县统治,从制度上保证了蜀对秦的战略支撑。在霸业的推动下,秦不断加大对蜀地经济的开发力度,最终不仅促进了蜀地经济的飞跃,还让蜀地在战国末期呈现出“染秦化”的文化特征,为统一大业贡献出了自己的力量。

After Shu merged with Qin in the middle of the Warring States period,the nearly hundred years of ruling over Shu not only created an important strategic logistics base for Qin's hegemony and unification,but also gave Shu a new opportunity for development.Qin's advanced system,technology,and culture were introduced to Shu,which promoted the social transformation of Shu and effectively maintained the regional unity between Qin and Shu.However,at the beginning of Shu merge with Qin,the enfeoffment of the Marquis of Shu and the repeated abolition and establishment of the Marquis of Shu,as well as the doubts of the Shu people and the southwest Yi tribes about Qin's rule,which shows that it is not easy to govern Shu.Relying on its strong military strength,Qin tempered force with mercy.After three generations of King Huiwen,King Wu,and King Zhaoxiang tried their best to govern,Qin finally stabilized the rule of counties in Shu,and guaranteed the systematically strategic support of Shu to Qin.Driven by hegemony,Qin continued to increase the development of Shu's economy,which eventually not only promoted the leap of Shu's economy,but also allowed Shu to show"Qin's cultural characteristics"at the end of the Warring States Period,contributing to the great cause of reunification lateron.