直升机雷电间接效应及耦合机理仿真

Simulation of lightning indirect effects and coupling mechanism of helicopter

[目的]雷电电磁效应与耦合特性是直升机电子电气设备雷电防护设计的重要分析依据。[方法]依据SAE-ARP5412和SAE-ARP5416标准规定的试验波形与方法,在基于传输线矩阵法(TLM)的CST线缆工作室中对典型雷击模式下直升机内外电磁环境和电缆耦合电平的影响因素以及规律进行研究。[结果]结果表明:雷击电磁场的建立是一个迅速变化的过程,并随时间、空间、结构呈现复杂变化;雷电耦合机制是雷电流再分布的阻性耦合以及机体缝隙共振耦合的相互作用,并且其与频率有很强的依赖关系;电缆感应电平会受到飞机蒙皮电阻、雷电流波形参数以及电缆屏蔽层阻抗等因素的影响。[结论]所做研究揭示了雷电电磁耦合机理及电缆雷电电磁感应的相关影响规律,为航空器电缆敷设和雷电电磁环境防护提供了依据和支撑。

[Objective]Lightning electromagnetic effects and coupling characteristics are an important ana-lysis basis for the lightning protection design of the electronic and electrical equipment of helicopters.[Methods]RP5416 standards,in the CST cable studio based on TLM,the influence factors and rules of the electromagnetic environment and cable coupling level of carrier-borne aircraft under typical lightning strike mode are studied.[Results]The results show that the establishment of a lightning electromagnetic field is a rapidly changing process which presents complex changes in terms of time,space and structure.The aircraft lightning coupling mechanism is the interaction between the resistive coupling of the lightning flow redistribu-tion and the resonance coupling of the airframe gap,and is strongly dependent on the frequency.The cable in-duction level is affected by the aircraft skin resistance,lightning current waveform parameters,cable shield im-pedance and other factors.[Conclusions]This study reveals the mechanism of lightning electromagnetic coupling and the related influence law of the lightning electromagnetic induction of the cable,providing a basis and support for aircraft cable laying and lightning electromagnetic environment protection.