一种新型连续钛及钛合金制造工艺探讨

Exploration on a new type of continuous manufacturing process of titanium and titanium alloy

目前,国内、外金属钛生产厂家采用Kroll法生产海绵钛,再经真空熔铸制造钛及钛合金,该方法流程长、能耗高,而且间歇生产,产品成本较高,限制了钛金属的应用推广。诸多学者关注的TiO_(2)熔盐电解法(FFC法)虽然具有工艺流程简单、绿色环保等优点,但是至今技术上仍不够成熟,需要进一步探索和完善。笔者沿用Kroll法机理,以TiCl_(4)为原料,Mg为还原剂,采用不同的反应炉及炉内温度,设计了一种新型钛和钛合金连续制造工艺,该工艺采用三段式立式喷嘴,使液态TiCl_(4)与液态Mg充分混合、接触、反应,反应速率较高,液态金属钛或者钛合金内的杂质在反应炉或者精炼炉的真空条件下进入炉气,使产品纯度得以提升。该工艺采用的前提是生产规模较大,能够连续产出大量的Ti液或Ti合金液,且在Ar气密封仓内实现Ti液“一次成型连铸技术”,具有生产效率高、生产能力大、产品质量高、加工成本低、易于实现智能化等优点。该工艺的研发成功,不但可以大幅度降低钛材和钛合金材生产成本,还可以迅速扩大钛材和钛合金材的应用范围。

At present,domestic and foreign titanium manufacturers use Kroll method to produce sponge titanium,and then use vacuum melting and casting to produce titanium and titanium alloy.This method has long process,high energy consumption,and batch production.The product cost is high,which limits the application and promotion of titanium metal.The TiO_(2)molten salt electrolysis method(FFC method)concerned by many scholars has the advantages of simple process flow and environmental friendly,but it is still not mature enough in technology,and needs further exploration and improvement.Based on the mechanism of Kroll method,a new continuous manufacturing process of titanium and titanium alloy was designed by using TiCl_(4)as raw material,Mg as reducing agent,and different reaction furnaces and furnace temperatures.The process uses a three-stage vertical nozzle to fully mix and contact react liquid TiCl_(4)with liquid Mg,and the reaction rate is high.The impurities in the liquid metal titanium or titanium alloy enter the reaction furnace gas under the vacuum condition of the reaction furnace or refining furnace,so that the purity of the product can be improved.The premise of this process is that the production scale is large,a large amount of Ti liquid or Ti alloy liquid can be continuously produced,and the Ti liquid one-time forming continuous casting technology can be realized in the Ar gas sealed chamber,which has the advantages of high production efficiency,large production capacity,high product quality,low processing cost and easy to realize intelligence.The successful development of this process can not only greatly reduce the production cost of titanium and titanium alloy materials,but also rapidly expand the application range of titanium and titanium alloy materials.