碎片化威权:美式移民治理的体制危机

Fragmented Authority:The Institutional Crisis of the U.S.Immigration Governance

自拜登执政以来,美国南部边境移民危机就愈演愈烈,2022财年美国逮捕了创纪录的230万名非法入境人员。为表达对民主党的不满,得克萨斯、佛罗里达等边境州的共和党州长将大量非法移民运往并不位于南部边境、却以保护移民为口号的纽约州等民主党州,导致当地收容所人满为患,多地宣布进入紧急状态。2022年中期选举前夕,53%的美国人认为“美国南部边境遭到入侵”,62%的美国人则认为“移民问题是决定他们投票的重要问题”,其中37%认为该问题“极端重要”。

This article explores the refugee crisis at the U.S.-Mexico border and identifies three institutional deficits of the U.S.immigration management,which jointly contribute to this crisis.We discover that:(1)the disjointed governance overimmigration matters with multiple,inconsistent institutional logics which create room for stakeholders to maneuver the system,(2)the highly fragmented institutional arrangements between three branches of the U.S.government which is featured the inconclusive veto politics,and(3)the overloaded and capricious U.S.hegemony in the globalization age which continuously bring waves of refugees from foreign soils to the southern U.s.borders,are responsible to the mismanagement of this crisis.