大学“破五唯”,难在哪里?——新中国高校学科建设逻辑的历史制度主义分析

Why is it Difficult to Break the"Five-Only"in Universities?

大学怎么了?随着国内外形势剧变,国家对以大学为骨干的科技创新体系寄望甚高。在面向科技界的多个场合,习近平总书记对科技评价“破旧”(“唯论文、唯职称、唯学历”)、“立新”(“四个面向”)提出一系列构想。因此,2020年底《关于深化高等学校教师职称制度改革的指导意见》提出“建立重点人才绿色通道”,向服务经济主战场和国家重大需求的科研人员倾斜,并要求高校“克服唯论文、唯‘帽子’、唯学历、唯奖项、唯项目等倾向”。

Despite clear policy orientation nowadays,the overall promotion of breaking the'"Five-Only"in universities hasn't been satisfactory.In order to understand the root of such difficulty,this paper reviews the evolutionary process of university governance and discipline construction in the new China after 1949,from the perspective of the evolution of the sci-tech system and national innovation system.We identify two kinds of the logic of discipline construction,namely"task-oriented"and"quantity-oriented"while breaking the"Five-Only"reflects the revival of"task-oriented"logic and its reaction to the"quantityoriented"one.Based on the views above,this paper gives policy suggestions.