风沙土大豆膜下滴灌水肥一体化适宜灌水量的研究

Study on the Suitable Irrigation Amount for Water and Fertilizer Integration Under Drip Irrigation of Soybean in Windy Sandy Soil

风沙区作物存在不同的生理生长特点,现有的灌溉制度缺乏通用性,为确定风沙土地区大豆膜下滴灌水肥一体化适宜灌水量,进行大田试验,以灌水量为试验因素,基于作物冠层蒸发皿蒸发量设置0.4(W1)、0.6(W2)、0.8(W3)、1.0(W4)和1.2 E_(pan)(W5)5个灌溉水平,研究风沙土滴灌水量对大豆生长、干物质积累和产量的影响。结果表明:大豆的株高、茎粗、叶绿素、叶面积指数、干物质积累量和产量均随着灌水量的增高,先增大后减小,灌水量在1.0 E_(pa)n时最有利于大豆的生长,同时获得最高产量和水分利用效率,大豆产量达到了3.61 t/hm^(2),水分利用效率达到0.59 kg/m^(3),较传统雨养大豆分别增长97.3%和96.7%。综上,风沙土地区大豆膜下滴灌水肥一体化推荐灌水量为1.0 E_(pan)。

Different physiological growth characteristics of crops exist in wind-sand areas,and the existing irrigation system lacks generality.A field experiment was conducted to examine the impact of drip irrigation water amount on soybean growth,dry matter accumulation,and yield in windy sandy soil by setting five irrigation levels of 0.4(W1),0.6(W2),0.8(W3),1.0(W4),and 1.2 E_(pan)(W5)based on the evaporation of crop canopy evaporation dispersion.The results showed that soybean yield,dry matter accumulation,and plant height were all considerably decreased.The findings demonstrated that as irrigation water levels increased,plant height,stem thickness,chlorophyll,leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,and yield of soybean increased,and then decreased.The irrigation water level of 1.0 E_(pan) was found to be the most beneficial for soybean growth,and the highest yield and water use efficiency were obtained at the same time.When compared to conventional rainfed soybean,the soybean yield was 3.61 t·hm^(-2) and the water use efficiency was 0.59 kg·m^(-3),respectively,improvements of 97.3%and 96.7%.In conclusion,in locations with wind-sand soil,the suggested irrigation volume for soybean under film drip irrigation with water and fertilizer integration is 1.0 E_(pan).