欧洲民族主义的三重维度及其显现

The Triple Dimensions of European Nationalism and Its External Presentation

欧洲民族主义主要表现于三个维度,一是基于欧洲认同而形成的泛区域民族主义,以强化欧洲认同并推进欧洲一体化、主张欧洲利益至上为特征;二是基于国家认同而形成的国家民族主义,以反对欧洲一体化、强化民族国家利益为特征;三是基于民族认同而在多民族国家内形成的地方民族主义,以主张民族独立、本民族利益优先为特征。欧洲民族主义的不同维度与欧洲民众不同层次的身份认同有关,对于每一个欧洲民众而言,同时兼具对本民族的认同、所在国家的认同以及欧洲区域认同,从而构成了欧洲民族主义的三重维度。自二战结束以来,随着国际形势和欧洲局势的重大转变,三重民族主义在不同领域内相互作用,对欧洲地缘政治产生了重要影响。

Nationalism in Europe has three dimensions,the first is pan-regional nationalism based on European identity,which is characterized by strengthening European identity,promoting European integration and advocating the supremacy of European interests;the second is state nationalism based on national identity that is characterized by opposing European integration and strengthening national and state interests;the third is local nationalism formed in a multi-ethnic country based on national identity,which is characterized by advocating national independence and giving priority to national interests.The different dimensions of nationalism in Europe are related to the different levels of identity of European people.For each European people,it has both national identity,state identity and European regional identity,which constitute the three dimensions of European nationalism.Since the end of World War II,with the major changes in the international and European situation as,the interaction of triple nationalism in different fields has had an important impact on European geopolitics.