明代贵州府志所见民族交往交流交融的历史与逻辑

The History and Logic of the Ethnic Communication,Exchange and Integration in GuiZhou Chronicles on the Ming Dynasty

从明代贵州府志所见“三交”历史来看,与其将“三交”视为一种递进的层级关系,不如将其视为主体、方式、结果的表达。明代贵州民族交往主体即汉族、土家族、苗族、仡佬族等民族;民族交流主要有政治、经济、文化和生活交流等方式,政治交流主要体现为外省流官入黔和黔人出仕中州,各民族精英在共同参与政权建设和管理中增强了各民族人民对国家的认同感和归属感;经济交流主要是通过资源开发、技术传授和商业贸易互通有无,以满足各族民众的物质需要;文化交流主要是创建国家正祀、推行儒学教育以构建共同的思想观念或意识形态;生活交流主要是各民族共居共事以增进彼此的情感;最终促成各民族之间互相认同的一种交融状态或结果。

From the perspective of the history of"San Jiao"in Guizhou chronicles of the Ming Dynasty,it is better to regard it as the expression of subjects,methods and result than to regard it as a progressive hierarchical relationship.The main body of ethnic communication in Guizhou in the Ming Dynasty was the personnel of different ethnic groups such as Han,Tu,Miao and Gelao;Ethnic exchanges mainly take the form of political,economic,cultural and life exchanges.Political exchanges are mainly reflected in the flow of officials from other provinces to Guizhou and the employment of Guizhou people in others.The elites of all ethnic groups have enhanced the people's sense of identity and belonging to a unified country in the process of jointly participating in the construction and management of political power.Economic exchanges are mainly through resource development Technology teaching and commercial trade are mutually complementary to meet the material needs of the people of all ethnic groups.Cultural exchanges are mainly to create national worship,promote Confucianism education to build common ideas or ideology.Life exchanges are mainly to live and work together among all ethnic groups to increase their feelings;A blending state or result that eventually leads to mutual recognition among all ethnic groups.