我国人均卫生费用的时空特征与影响因素分析

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Per Capita Health Expenditure in China

目的:分析2014—2020年我国人均卫生费用的时空分布特征与影响因素,为推进以人民健康为中心的现代化提供理论参考。方法:建立多尺度时空加权回归模型,探究人均卫生费用受社会因素、人口因素、卫生资源与医疗服务等要素的时空影响程度,并与时空加权回归模型和普通回归模型结果相比较。结果:全国人均卫生费用在时间上呈递增趋势,在空间上与各地经济体量密切相关。多尺度时空加权回归模型估计结果与检验结果显著,8个宏观因素对人均卫生费用时空效应影响明显。结论:卫生费用的增长不仅是医学问题,更是经济社会可持续发展问题,各地区需要进一步结合经济基础、资源禀赋与人口结构特征,持续优化卫生资源配置结构,加强基层卫生服务体系建设,不断提高中国式现代化的健康治理水平。

Objective:The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of per capita health expenditure in China from 2014 to 2020 are analyzed,to provide a theoretical reference to promote modernization centered on residents'health.Methods:A multi-scale spatiotemporal weighted regression model is established to explore the spatiotemporal influence of per capita health expenditure by social factors,demographic factors,health resources and medical services,and compared with the results of spatiotemporal weighted regression model and ordinary regression model.Results:The national per capita health expenditure showed an increasing trend in time,and was closely related to the economic volume of various regions in terms of space.The estimation results and test results of multi-scale spatiotemporal weighted regression model were significant,and the spatiotemporal effects of 8 macroscopic factors on per capita health expenditure were obvious.Conclusions:The growth of health expenditure is not only a medical issue,but also a social issue.All regions need to combine the characteristics of economic foundation,resource endowment and population structure,continue to optimize the allocation structure of health resources,strengthen the construction of grass-roots health service system,and continuously improve the level of Chinese-style modern health governance.