基于“云-数-地”教学模式的生态学实践课程教学改革与探索

作为生态学实践教学的重要环节,生态学实践是培养学生针对特定生态学问题,设计合理取样和实验方案;面向生态学数据,使用统计学方法处理观测数据并合理解释数据分析结果的必要手段,对学生生态学基础理论知识的巩固和加深具有重要意义。分析目前生态学实践课程教学中存在的主要问题,包括缺乏开放共享式的实践教学模式,实践教学内容更新不及时,实践教学模式固定,不利于生态学知识点之间的应用、拓展等。针对以上问题同时结合新冠感染疫情防控常态化的相关要求,提出基于“云计算-大数据处理-地面调查”的生态学实践课程教学模式。基于“云-数-地”的生态学实践教学通过构建线上实践教学资源数据库,依托遥感数据云处理技术,在实践内容模块化基础上,创建开放共享式实践教学平台。学生通过这一平台可以实现团队协作开展实践设计、实践过程实时更新及实践成果共享,有效提高学生的实践能力和创新思维能力。在此基础上,从教学设备维护和更新、在线资源优化、实践内容的交叉融合及强化实践过程和实践能力考核等方面提出生态学实践课程改革的具体举措。最后,从促进前沿信息技术和专业基础知识的结合、促进实践教学效率和质量的提高、促进实地调查与线上教学资源的有机结合等方面分析生态学实践课程改革的效果,以期为改革创新本科实践教学策略、加速课程现代化建设和提高人才培养质量提供有益参考。

Ecology Practice is one of the core practice courses of ecology and related majors.As an important part of ecology practice teaching,the course is necessary to cultivate students'innovative ability and practical ability and is important to the consolidate and deepen ecological theoretical foundation.This paper analyzes the main problems existing in teaching of Ecology Practice,including lacking an open and shared practice teaching platform,the untimely update of the practice teaching content,and the fixed practice teaching pattern,which is detrimental to the application and expansion of ecological knowledge,etc..In response to the above problems,combined with the relevant requirements of the normalization of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control,a teaching model of Ecology Practice based on"cloud computing-big data processing-field investigation"is proposed.The course based on"cloud-data-field"builds an online practice teaching resource database,relies on remote sensing data cloud processing technology,and creates an open and shared practice teaching platform on the basis of modular practice content.This platform can achieve practice design of team work,real-time update of practice process and sharing of practice results,effectively improving students'practical ability and innovative thinking ability.On this basis,specific measures for the curriculum reform of Ecological Practice are put forward in terms of maintenance and update of teaching equipment,optimization of online resources,cross-integration of practical content,and strengthening of practical process and practical ability assessment.Finally,the influence of the curriculum reform of Ecological Practice is analyzed from the aspects of promoting the combination of cutting-edge information technology and professional knowledge,promoting the improvement of the efficiency and quality of practical teaching,and promoting the combination of field investigation and online teaching resources.It provides a useful reference for reforming and innovating undergraduate practice teaching strategies,accelerating curriculum modernization,and improving the quality of personnel training.