近20年桂西南生态系统健康时空变化及其驱动因素分析

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Changes in Ecosystem Health and Its Drivers in Southwest Guangxi in the Last 20 Years

探究桂西南生态系统健康状况,可为区域可持续发展提供理论依据。本文通过构建“活力(Vigor)-组织力(Organization)-恢复力(Resilience)-服务力(Services)”(VORS)模型分析区域生态健康,借助地理检测器探讨影响生态系统健康的驱动因素。结果表明:①20年间桂西南生态系统健康指数均值由2000年的0.446增加至2020年的0.478,整体上呈改善趋势,这得益于退耕还林、水土保持、石漠化治理等一系列生态修复工程的实施。②在空间分布格局上,桂西南生态系统健康总体上西北部及中部地区优于东南部地区,西北部及中部区域以亚健康状况为主,而病态和不健康状况则分布在东南部南宁市主城区。③土地垦殖率、平均海拔、夜间灯光强度、人口密度、坡度是影响区域生态系统健康的主要因子,其解释力均大于或等于0.45;与单因子相比,自然因子和人文因子的交互作用对区域生态系统健康的解释力更强。在今后发展中应加强协调区域生态环境保护与经济高质量发展,提高区域生态系统健康水平。

Exploring the health of ecosystems in Southwest Guangxi can provide a theoretical basis for regional sustainable development.This article analyzed the regional ecological health by constructing a"Vigor-Organization-Resilience-Services"(VORS)model,and explored the driving factors affecting ecosystem health with the help of geographical detectors.The results showed that:①During the past 20 years,the average value of ecosystem health index in Southwest Guangxi increased from 0.446 in 2000 to 0.478 in 2020,showing an overall improvement trend,which benefited from the implementation of a series of ecological restoration projects such as returning farmland to forest,soil and water conservation,and rocky desertification control.②In terms of spatial distribution pattern,the ecosystem health in the northwest and central regions of Southwest Guangxi was generally better than that in the southeast region.The northwest and central regions were dominated by sub-health conditions,while morbid and unhealthy conditions distributed in the main urban area of Nanning City in the southeast.③Land reclamation rate,average altitude,nighttime light intensity,population density and slope were the main factors affecting the health of regional ecosystem,and their explanatory power was all greater than or equal to 0.45.Compared with the single factor,the interaction between natural factors and human factors had a stronger explanatory power for the health of regional ecosystem.In the future development,the coordination between regional ecological environment protection and high-quality economic development should be strengthened,and the health level of regional ecosystem should be improved.