规则与实践:民法典视野下涉疫情经营性房屋的租金减免

Rules and Practices:Rent Relief for Epidemic-related Operating Houses from the Perspective of the Civil Code

2020年初,新冠疫情开始蔓延,我国迅速启动重大突发公共卫生事件响应并制定相应疫情防控措施。疫情防控措施具有突然性、强制性,系非商业风险的重大变化,构成民法典第五百三十三条规定的情势变更。在承租人请求减免房屋租金的案件中,法院应当区分承租房屋的性质并依据或参照既有政策,综合考量双方的损失、经济能力、风险负担的能力等因素,从有利于保护当事人权益、有利于维护社会和经济秩序的角度考虑,援引民法典情势变更规则,依据公平原则合理地调整房屋租金标准。

With the COVID-19 began to spread at the beginning of 2020,China quickly launched a response to a major public health emergency and formulated corresponding epidemic prevention and control measures.For the prevention and control measures of epidemic are sudden and mandatory,and they are major changes in non-commercial risks,which constitute a change in the situation stipulated in Article 533 of the Civil Code.In a case where the lessee requests a rent relief of the house,the court should distinguish the nature of the leased house and,based on the existing policies,comprehensively consider the loss,economic ability,risk bearing capacity of both parties.Meanwhile,from the perspective of protecting the rights and interests of the parties and maintaining social and economic order,the court should invoke the rules of situation change in the Civil Code,and rationally adjust the rental standards of the house in accordance with the principle of fairness.