气化滤饼对枸杞枝条堆肥进程、品质和碳氮损失的影响

Effect of Gasification Filter Cake on Composting Process, Quality,and Carbon and Nitrogen Loss of Lycium barbarum Branches

探究枸杞枝和气化滤饼资源化利用对维持生态环境稳定和农业循环可持续发展至关重要。将气化滤饼以干物质质量比0%(G_(0))、6.25%(G_(6.25))、12.5%(G_(12.5))、25%(G_(25))、50%(G_(50))和100%(G100)添加到堆肥混合物,探究添加气滤饼对枸杞枝条堆肥进程、气体排放、腐熟度、堆肥养分损失和累积的影响。添加气化滤饼可加速枸杞枝条堆肥进程,加速有机质分解,使堆肥2 d内进入高温期,并延长高温期2~6 d;适宜添加气化滤饼(G_(6.25)、G_(12.5))降低堆肥过程中NH_(3)释放4.02%和15.79%,但过量添加(质量比≥50%)显著增加NH_(3)和CO_(2)释放;添加气化滤饼显著增加枸杞枝条堆肥速效磷和速效钾的释放,且G_(6.25)、G_(12.5)、G_(25)处理增加堆肥后的速效磷和速效钾含量,效果显著;相对G_(0)处理,G_(6.25)、G_(12.5)、G_(25)分别显著增加速效磷累积3.17%、6.39%和14.37%,速效钾累积量最高处理为G_(50),G_(12.5)次之,且G_(6.25)、G_(12.5)、G_(25)处理促进氮素固定22.13%、39.77%和26.42%;气化滤饼添加会增加枸杞枝条堆肥碳氮比,但降低种子发芽指数,其中G_(50)和G100种子发芽指数低于80%;主成分分析表明,G_(12.5)处理的综合得分最高,其次为G_(6.25),G_(50)和G100处理综合得分为负值。综上所述,添加12.5%气化滤饼会促进氮素固定和速效钾的累积,减少NH_(3)的排放和氮损失,可得到更好的堆肥产品。

Exploring the resource utilization of Lycium barbarum branches and gasification filter cakeis essential to maintain ecological stability and sustainable development of agricultural cycle.We added gasified filter cake to the compost mixture at 0%(G_(0)),6.25%(G_(6.25)),12.5%(G_(12.5)),25%(G_(25)),50%(G_(50))and 100%(G 100)dry matter mass ratios,and then we investigated the effect of gas filter cake addition on the composting process,gas emissions,maturity,compost nutrient loss and accumulation of Lycium barbarum branches.The addition of aerated filter cake accelerated the composting process of Lycium barbarum branches,the decomposition of organic matter,brought the compost into the high temperature period within 2 d,and extended the high temperature period by 2-6 d.The appropriate addition of aerated filter cake(G_(6.25),G_(12.5))reduced NH_(3) release during composting by 4.02%and 15.79%,but the excessive addition(mass ratio≥50%)significantly increased NH_(3) and CO_(2) release;the addition of aerated filter cake significantly increased the release of fast-acting phosphorus and fast-acting potassium from the compost of Lycium barbarum branches,and G_(6.25),G_(12.5),and G_(25) treatments increased the content of fast-acting phosphorus and fast-acting potassium after composting,with significant effect;The relative to G_(0) treatment,G_(6.25),G_(12.5),and G_(25) significantly increased the accumulation of fast-acting phosphorus by 3.17%,6.39%,and 14.37%,respectively,and the highest accumulation of fast-acting potassium was G_(50),followed by G_(12.5),and G_(6.25),G_(12.5),and G_(25) treatments promoted nitrogen fixation by 22.13%,39.77%,and 26.42%;the addition of aerated filter cake increased the carbon to nitrogen ratio of Lycium barbarum branch compost,but reduced the seed germination index,the G_(50) and G 100 seed germination indexes were less than 80%;after the analysis of the principal components,the results indicated that G_(12.5) treatment had the highest overall score,followed by G_(6.25),and the G_(50) and G 100 treatments had negative combined scores.In conclusion,the addition of 12.5%aerated filter cake can promote nitrogen fixation and fast-acting potassium accumulation,reduce NH_(3) emission,and nitrogen loss,and can obtain the better compost product.This study provides a reference for resource utilization of wolfberry branches and gasification filter cakes in Ningxia.