猪场常见消毒药对非洲猪瘟病毒的消毒效果

Disinfection Effect of Common Disinfectants on ASFV in Swine Farms

为做好非洲猪瘟(ASF)防控,保障猪场生物安全措施的有效实施,通过查阅文献分析了多种猪场常见消毒药(火碱、酸、过硫酸氢钾、卤素类和醛类)的特点及使用方法,综述了其对非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)的杀灭效果。结果显示:在22℃时,1.0%和0.5%的火碱溶液可将ASFV杀灭;800倍稀释的二氯异氰尿酸钠溶液可在0.5 h杀灭ASFV;1.0%的柠檬酸能够将ASFV减少4个对数单位以上;3.0%的醋酸以及0.1%、0.5%和1.0%的戊二醛溶液均对ASFV有杀灭效果。综上,推荐火碱(0.5%)或二氯异氰尿酸钠(稀释度1:800)用于环境消毒,戊二醛(0.1%~1.0%)用于带猪消毒。本文通过综述猪场常用消毒药对ASFV的消杀效果,为猪场消毒药的选择和使用提供指导,以助于猪场的ASF防控。

In order to make good efforts to prevent and control African swine fever(ASF)and to effectively implement bio-safety measures in swine farms,the characteristics and administration of various disinfectants(including caustic soda,acids,potassium persulfate,halogens and aldehydes)commonly used in farms were analyzed,and their sterilization effect on ASFV was reviewed through consulting references.The results showed that ASFV was killed by 1.0%and 0.5%NaOH at 22℃,and by dichloroisocyanuric acid diluted 800 times in 0.5 hours;above 4 logarithmic units of ASFV were reduced by 1.0%citric acid;and ASFV was killed by 3.0%acetic acid as well as 0.1%,0.5%and 1.0%glutaraldehyde.In conclusion,caustic soda(0.5%)or sodium dichloroisocyanurate(diluted 800 times)was recommended for environmental disinfection,and glutaraldehyde(0.1%-1.0%)for disinfection when pig existed.A guidance was provided for selection and administration of disinfectants for swine farms,which was contribute to the prevention and control of ASF in farms.