棋盘游戏在老年维持性血液透析患者容量管理健康教育中的应用

Application of health education based on board game in volume management of elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的探讨基于棋盘游戏的健康教育在老年维持性血液透析患者容量管理中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法选取2022年7月—2023年1月在山西省某三级甲等医院接受维持性血液透析的90例老年患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组(每组45例)。试验组采用基于棋盘游戏的健康教育方案,包括初识棋盘、知识强化、角色转换、融会贯通4个阶段;对照组采用常规健康教育方案。干预后调查试验组对棋盘游戏健康教育的满意度,比较干预前后两组血液透析疾病知识得分、容量管理行为得分及容量管理达标率。结果最终试验组43例、对照组42例患者完成研究。干预后,试验组86%的患者对基于棋盘游戏的健康教育满意度较高,试验组血液透析疾病知识得分、容量管理行为得分为(19.19±2.03)、(21.49±1.82),均高于对照组(16.48±2.63、16.86±1.96)(t=5.335、11.306,P<0.001);试验组容量管理达标率79%,高于对照组的55%(χ^(2)=5.683,P<0.05)。结论基于棋盘游戏的健康教育能有效提高老年维持性血液透析患者疾病知识水平,改善容量管理行为,提高容量管理达标率。

Objective To explore the effect of health education based on board game in volume management of elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Methods From July 2022 to January 2023,convenience sampling method was adopted to recruit 90 elderly patients who received maintenance hemodialysis in a tertiary hospital in Shanxi Province.These participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group by a random number table method.The experimental group adopted the health education program based on board game including preliminary understanding of board games,knowledge enhancement,role exchange and integration.Meanwhile the control group received routine health education program.The satisfaction of patients in the experimental group with board game was investigated,and the scores of hemodialysis disease knowledge,volume management behavior and rate of volume control were compared between the two groups after the intervention.Results A total of 43 patients in the intervention group and 42 patients in the control group had completed the study.After the intervention,86%of the patients in the experimental group were highly satisfied with board game.The scores of hemodialysis disease knowledge,volume management behavior in the intervention group were(19.19±2.03)and(21.49±1.82)respectively,which were higher than those of patients in the control group of(16.48±2.63)and(16.86±1.96)(t=5.335,11.306;P<0.001).In addition,the rate of volume control in the experimental group was 79%,higher than that of 55%in the control group(χ^(2)=5.683,P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation of health education based on board game can effectively improve the knowledge level of elderly patients of maintenance hemodialysis,enhance volume management behavior and the compliance rate of volume control.