抗污染陶瓷膜改性及其在处理含油污水中的应用

Modification of antifouling ceramic membrane and its application of oily wastewater treatment

陶瓷膜是处理含油污水最有前景的方法之一。膜污染是处理过程中不可避免的现象,导致能耗增加和寿命降低,因此提高陶瓷膜在含油污水处理中的抗污染性非常重要。首先总结了陶瓷膜的各种改性方法,对比了改性陶瓷膜的性能。除了传统的溶胶-凝胶法和浸涂法外,原子层沉积法在控制层厚度和调整孔径方面也有望用于陶瓷膜改性。增强表面亲水性和表面电荷是提高陶瓷膜处理含油污水性能的两种最常用策略。纳米金属氧化物,如TiO_(2)、ZrO_(2)和Fe_(2)O_(3)以及氧化石墨烯被认为是陶瓷膜改性的潜在候选物,用于提高通量和降低污染。被动抗污陶瓷膜,例如光催化和带电陶瓷膜,在污垢控制、油截留和通量增强方面展现出潜力。最后对陶瓷膜的市场规模和发展趋势进行了展望,指出必须加速高端抗污染陶瓷膜的研发,以满足更复杂的含油污水处理,例如油田含聚污水、压裂返排液等。

Ceramic membrane is one of the most promising methods to treat oily wastewater.Membrane fouling is an inevi-table phenomenon in the treatment process,leading to increased energy consumption and reduced life.Therefore,it is very important to improve the antifouling of ceramic membrane in oily wastewater treatment.Firstly,various modification meth-ods of ceramic membranes were summarized,and the properties of modified ceramic membranes were compared.In addition to the traditional sol-gel method and dip coating method,the atomic layer deposition method was also expected to be used for ceramic membrane modification in terms of controlling the thickness of the layer and adjusting the pore diameter.En-hancing surface hydrophilicity and surface charge were two of the most commonly used strategies to improve the perfor-mance of ceramic membranes for oily wastewater treatment.Nanometer metal oxides,such as TiO_(2),ZrO_(2),Fe_(2)O_(3) and gra-phene oxide,were considered as potential candidates for ceramic membrane modification to improve flux and reduce pollu-tion.Passive antifouling ceramic membranes,such as photocatalysis and charged ceramic membranes,showed potential in fouling control,oil interception and flux enhancement.Finally,the market scale and development trend of ceramic mem-brane were prospected.It was pointed out that the research and production of high-end anti pollution ceramic membrane should be accelerated to meet the requirements of more complex oily wastewater treatment,such as oilfield polymer contain-ing wastewater,fracturing flowback fluid,etc.