蠋蝽对不同龄期茶谷蛾幼虫的捕食效能评价

Evaluation of predation effectiveness of Arma chinensis to Agriophara rhombata larvae

为了探索蠋蝽Arma chinensis(Fallou)对茶谷蛾Agriophara rhombata Meyr.的控制作用,在实验室及田间测定不同虫态蠋蝽对不同龄期茶谷蛾幼虫的捕食能力,研究该蝽对于茶谷蛾幼虫的捕食功能反应、搜寻效应、干扰作用及田间控害效应。结果表明:蠋蝽5龄若虫对茶谷蛾低龄幼虫的捕食能力大于高龄幼虫,且显著大于3龄若虫的捕食能力;蠋蝽3,5龄若虫对茶谷蛾不同龄期幼虫的捕食功能作用均符合HollingⅡ圆盘方程,其中蠋蝽5龄若虫对1~2龄幼虫的捕食效能最强,日最大捕食量最大;蠋蝽对不同龄期茶谷蛾幼虫的搜寻效应与其密度呈负相关,且对低龄幼虫的搜寻效应显著大于高龄幼虫;建立蠋蝽与茶谷蛾不同密度比下的捕食干扰反应方程,干扰发生后蠋蝽的平均捕食量及捕食作用率逐渐下降;蠋蝽5龄若虫对茶谷蛾3~4龄幼虫的田间防效与对5~6龄幼虫的田间防效没有显著差异;而蠋蝽成虫对5~6龄幼虫的田间防效显著高于对3~4龄幼虫。蠋蝽可以作为田间防治茶谷蛾的天敌昆虫。

To explore the control effects of Arma chinensis(Fallou)on Agriophara rhombata Meyr.,the predation ability of different stages of A.chinensis to different instar larvae of A.rhombata was determined in laboratory and field.The predation function response,search effect,interference effect and field damage control effect of A.chinensis were studied.The results showed that the predatory ability of the fifth instar nymph of A.chinensis against the younger A.rhombata larvae was greater than that of the older A.rhombata larvae,and significantly greater than the predatory ability of the third instar nymph of A.chinensis;the predatory effect of the third and fifth instar nymphs of A.chinensis on the larvae of A.rhombata conformed to the HollingⅡdisc equation,in which the fifth instar nymph of A.chinensis had the strongest predatory effect on the first or second instar larvae of A.rhombata,with the maximum daily predatory quantity.The search effect of A.chinensis on the different instar larvae of A.rhombata was negatively correlated with the density,and the search effect of A.chinensis on the younger larvae of A.rhombata was significantly greater than that on the older larvae of A.rhombata.The equation of predatory interference at different density ratios between A.chinensis and A.rhombata was established.After the disturbance,the average predatory quantity and predatory efficiency of A.chinensis decreased gradually.There was no significant difference between the control effect of the fifth instar nymph of A.chinensis against the third or fourth instar larvae of A.rhombata and that against the fifth or sixth instar larvae of A.rhombata.The efficacy of A.chinensis adults against the fifth or sixth instar larvae of A.rhombata was significantly higher than that against the third or fourth instar larvae of A.rhombata.A.chinensis can be used as natural enemy to control A.rhombata in field.