粤港澳大湾区建筑工程自然灾害风险管理

Management of Natural Hazard Risks for Buildings in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

近年来,国家大力建设发展粤港澳大湾区。面临复杂敏感的自然环境,各类建筑工程受到自然灾害的威胁,可能造成重大的经济损失,威胁民众的生命安全。本文分析了粤港澳大湾区的水文地理环境和常遇的自然灾害类型(台风、暴雨、洪涝、滑坡泥石流等);阐述了建筑工程定量化自然灾害风险管理的方法,定量化的风险分析包括分析灾害的危险性、受灾体的暴露度及易损性。而后,针对大湾区易发生的洪涝、滑坡和泥石流灾害对建筑工程造成的风险提出了风险缓解和控制的方案。

In recent years,the Guangdong-Hong Kong and-Macao Greater Bay Area develops rapidly.Facing the complex and sensitive natural environment,the safety of buildings is threatened by natural hazards,which may lead to significant economic losses and fatalities.This paper analyzes the hydrography and geography of the Greater Bay Area and the common types of natural hazards,including typhoons,rainstorms,floods,landslides and debris flows.The method of quantitative risk management is introduced.The process of quantitative risk analysis includes analysis of probability of hazards,the exposure and the vulnerability of buildings.Moreover,risk mitigation and control measures are proposed for common hazards in the bay area including floods,landslides and debris flows.