名物化的固化问题考察:基于使用的视角

Exploring the Entrenchment of Nominalization:A Usage-based Approach

现代汉语词类研究中名物化问题一直没有形成共识,由此导致名动划界存在困难。这反映在《现代汉语词典》(第7版)中的词类标注有不少自相矛盾之处。从基于使用的视角考察发现,影响一个语言表达式的词类地位最重要的因素是其固化程度。名物化可以发生在不同的概念组织层面,但固化程度不同,因此在确定其词类地位时不能一概而论。名词范畴作为抽象程度最高的图式,其作用在于把复杂程度和固化程度各异的表达式组织起来。固化程度可以为词类标注提供一个逻辑上更自洽的标准。

Previous studies of word classes in Mandarin Chinese have long been divided on the issue of nominalization,which has led to inconsistency in parts of speech tagging in dictionaries.This paper argues from the perspective of Usage-based Models that entrenchment is a major factor influencing the demarcation between nouns and verbs.Nominalization can occur at various levels of conceptual organization,but with different degrees of entrenchment.Therefore,they should not be accorded the same lexical status.The category of nouns,as the most abstract schema,functions to organize expressions of various degrees of complexity and entrenchment.And the degree of entrenchment can provide a more self-consistent criterion for the determination of the lexical status of linguistic expressions.