不同喂养方式对住院早产儿体重增长及喂养不耐受的影响分析

Effects of different feeding patterns on weight gain and feeding intolerance in hospitalized premature infants

目的探讨不同喂养方式对住院早产儿体重增长及喂养不耐受的影响。方法采用回顾性队列研究设计方案。采用便利抽样法,选取2019年4月—2020年10月入住中日友好医院新生儿重症监护室的155例早产儿为研究对象,根据喂养方式分为混合喂养组(n=47)和配方奶喂养组(n=108),观察指标包括体重增长、喂养不耐受发生情况、感染性疾病、营养等相关指标。结果混合喂养组早产儿的住院期间体重变化量和住院期间体重变化率都高于配方奶喂养组(P<0.05);在出院当日总奶量方面,混合喂养组高于配方奶喂养组(P<0.05);混合喂养组住院期间新增感染性疾病少于配方奶喂养组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组早产儿喂养不耐受的发生情况比较,差异无统计学差异(P>0.05),但配方奶喂养组呕吐发生率低于混合喂养组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论混合喂养比配方奶喂养更有利于促进早产儿住院期间内的体重增长,减少感染性疾病的发生,但两种喂养方式对住院早产儿喂养不耐受的影响需要进一步比较分析。

Objective To explore the effects of different feeding patterns on weight gain and feeding intolerance in hospitalized premature infants.Methods The retrospective cohort study design was adopted.From April 2019 to October 2020,155 premature infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of China-Japan Friendship Hospital were selected as the study subject by convenience sampling.Premature infants were divided into a mixed feeding group(n=47)and a formula milk feeding group(n=108)based on their feeding patterns.The observation indicators included weight gain,feeding intolerance,infectious diseases,nutrition and other related indicators.Results The weight change value and the weight change rate during hospitalization in the mixed feeding group were higher than those in the formula milk feeding group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).In terms of the total milk volume on the day of discharge,the mixed feeding group were higher than the formula milk feeding group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).During hospitalization,the number of new infectious diseases in the mixed feeding group was less than that in the formula milk feeding group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of feeding intolerance between the two groups of premature infants(P>0.05),The incidence of vomiting in the formula milk feeding group was lower than that in the mixed feeding group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusions Mixed feeding is more conducive to promoting the weight gain of premature infants during hospitalization and reducing the occurrence of infectious diseases than formula milk feeding.The impact of two feeding patterns on feeding intolerance in hospitalized premature infants needs further comparative analysis.