信息通信技术提升了生产性服务业企业生产率吗?——来自异质性劳动力结构的经验证据

Does Information Technology Improve the Productivity of Producer Service Enterprises?——Evidence from Heterogeneous Labor Structure

本文采用世界银行提供的中国企业调查数据,基于技能掌握、教育经历和用工形式三重劳动力结构视角考察了信息通信技术(ICT)应用对生产性服务业企业生产率的影响。研究表明:ICT应用有助于提升生产性服务业企业生产率,并且拥有高等教育经历、熟练职业技能的员工和签订非终身制合同的员工能够与ICT形成互补,进一步激发生产率效应。异质性分析发现,ICT生产率效应与ICT劳动力结构互补效应在人口规模较大的城市、知识要素密集的行业和管理者领导经验丰富的企业中表现更为显著。基于价值链的考察发现,ICT应用在合作关系管理、营销销售和客户关系管理环节对生产率提升明显,在产品服务提升和生产经营环节则作用有限。基于互联网功能的考察发现,ICT应用显著提升了线上采购和营销的效率,对线上开展新产品研发的帮助则不足。

Using the survey data of Chinese enterprises provided by World Bank,this paper examines the effects of Information Communication Technology(ICT henceforth)to the productivity of Producer Services Industry from a triple-layered labor structure perspective,namely skill proficiency,educational background and form of employment.Our results show that the application of ICT can push up the productivity of enterprises within Producer Services Industry,employers with higher degree of skill proficiency and educational background,as well as employers with open-term labor contract are complemented with ICT,and can further stimulate the effect regards productivity.Heterogeneity analysis illustrates more significant appearance of ICT productivity effect and ICT labor-structure complementary effect among cities with relatively large population size,knowledge-intensive industries and enterprises with experienced managers.The value-chain based inspections show that the application of ICT enhances the productivity significantly in the manner of cooperation management,marketing and sales strategy,and customer relationship management,but has limited effects to products up-gradation and enterprises production and management.Other tests based on the functions of internet show that ICT significantly improves the efficiency of online purchase and promotion,but has restricted help to online-based research and development of new products.