GWAS在葫芦科作物遗传改良中的研究进展

Progress of Genome-wide Association Studies in Genetic Improvement of Cucurbitaceae

为推进全基因组关联分析(GWAS,genome-wide association study)在葫芦科瓜类作物重要农艺性状关键遗传变异位点精准挖掘中的应用,文章介绍了GWAS的原理和统计模型,归纳了GWAS在鉴定群体中的遗传变异位点、解析植物代谢机制,并对其在实施精准遗传改良策略中体现出的优势进行了概述,系统梳理了GWAS在西瓜、甜瓜、黄瓜、南瓜等主要葫芦科瓜类作物遗传改良研究中的最新进展,同时对葫芦科作物育种研究中的多组学联合分析和数据库构建进行了展望,以期为葫芦科作物的遗传改良过程中提供更多的依据和参考。

To advance the application of genome-wide association study(GWAS) in the precise mining of the key genetic variation loci associated with important agronomic traits in cucurbit crops,this paper introduced the principles and statistical models of GWAS,outlined the advantages of GWAS in identifying genetic variation loci in crops populations,studying plant metabolic mechanisms and implementing precise genetic improvement strategies.It also systematically reviewed the recent advances of GWAS in the genetic improvement of major cucurbit crops such as watermelon,melon,cucumber,pumpkin or other kinds of cucurbit crops.Furthermore,it provided an outlook on the joint multi-omics analysis and database in breeding research of cucurbit crops,giving a basis and reference in the process of genetic improvement of cucurbit crops.