三省藕虾养殖模式水环境质量监测研究及成本核算

Study on Water Environment Quality Monitoring and Cost Accounting of Lotus Root Shrimp Farming Model in Three Provinces

为有效解决目前渔业养殖水体存在的高污染、高排放问题,确保水产品的品质和产量,提出藕虾养殖模式。通过测定TP、TN、NH_(3)-N、Chl-a等主要水质指标,对湖北省、安徽省和江苏省藕虾养殖模式水环境质量和成本核算进行分析总结。结果表明,藕虾养殖模式随养殖时间的延长,养殖水体中的TP、TN、Chl-a、COD_(Mn)等水质理化指标均呈上升趋势。在整个养殖过程中,养殖水体的综合营养状态指数呈先上升后降低的趋势。兴化沙沟和扬州宝应3号藕虾共作养殖池的经济效益偏高,扬州宝应藕虾共作1号、2号和3号养殖池的环境效益较低。扬州宝应藕虾共作区3号养殖池经济效益高,且环境效益低于其他养殖池,从综合效益看,推荐小龙虾养殖密度为300 kg/hm^(2)、藕的种植密度为4500 kg/hm^(2)的藕虾养殖模式。

In order to effectively solve the problems of high pollution and high discharge in the current fishery aquaculture water body and ensure the quality and yield of aquatic products,this paper put forward the lotus root shrimp farming model.By measuring the main water quality indexes such as TP,TN,NH_(3)-N and Chl-a the water environment quality and cost accounting of lotus root shrimp farming model of Hubei Province,Anhui Province and Jiangsu Province were analyzed and summarized.The results showed that TP,TN,Chl-a,COD_(Mn )and other physical and chemical indicators of water quality in the culture water showed an upward trend with the extension of aquaculture time.In the whole breeding process,the comprehensive nutritional status index of breeding water body increased first and then decreased.The economic benefits of Xinghua Shagou and Yangzhou Baoying (No.3) lotus root-shrimp rotation pond were higher,and the environmental benefits of three ponds (named as No.1/2/3) of Yangzhou Baoying lotus root-shrimp rotation pond were lower.The No.3 lotus root-shrimp rotation pond in Yangzhou Baoying had a higher economic benefit,while the environmental benefit was lower than other detected ponds.From the perspective of comprehensive benefits,the lotus root shrimp farming model with crayfish breeding density of 300 kg/hm^(2)and lotus root planting density of 4500 kg/hm^(2)is recommended.