特色农业赋能乡村振兴的可行路径和支持政策

The Feasible Path and Supporting Policy for Rural Revitalization Enabled by Featured Agriculture

特色农业是建立在区域资源比较优势基础上的优势农业、高效农业和品牌农业,是推进农业现代化发展、促进农民增收、建设农业强国的重要抓手。厘清了特色农业的内涵,指出其区域独特性、技术先进性、产业集聚性、市场风险性等基本属性,并梳理了中国特色农业发展的现状和挑战。当前中国特色农业发展成效显著,特色农业逐渐做精做大做强,特色农业产业集群已初步形成;但中国特色农业发展仍受生产规模较小、产品特点不明显、投资渠道较少、产业链较短等因素制约。因此,通过推动特色农业产业化发展、吸引鼓励精英人才下乡、发挥多元主体带动作用、挖掘乡村文化内涵、树立生态绿色发展理念等路径;并从健全特色农产品市场体系、健全投融资机制、健全技术支撑体系、健全风险规避机制等方面设计支持政策,有助于正确把握和推动各地区特色农业产业发展,高效实现特色农业赋能乡村振兴。

Featured Agriculture is advantageous agriculture,high-efficiency agriculture and brand agriculture based on the comparative advantages of regional resources,and is an important grasp to promote the development of agricultural modernization,promote farmers' income and build a strong agricultural country.This paper clarifies the meaning of featured agriculture,points out that featured agriculture has such basic attributes as regional uniqueness,advanced technology,industrial agglomeration and market risk,and sorts out the current situation and challenges of the development of featured agriculture in China.At present,the development of China's featured agriculture is effective,featured agriculture is gradually becoming more refined and stronger,and special agricultural industry clusters have been initially formed;however the development of China's featured agriculture is still constrained by small production scale,inconspicuous product characteristics,fewer investment channels and shorter industrial chains.Therefore,through promoting the development of featured agricultural industrialization,attracting and encouraging the elite to the countryside,giving play to the driving role of multiple subjects,excavating the connotation of rural culture,and establishing the concept of ecological and green development and other paths,we shall design supporting policies from the aspects of perfecting the market system of featured agricultural products,the investment and financing mechanism,the technical support system,and the risk avoidance mechanism,and correctly grasp and promote the development of featured agricultural industries in all regions to effectively realize the rural revitalization enabled by featured agriculture.