我国岩溶地区石漠化土地现状及主要分布特征

Status quo and Main Distribution Characteristics of Rocky Desertification Land in Karst Area of China

为提升石漠化调查成果数据共享应用水平,通过深度挖掘第四次石漠化调查数据,分析了截至2021年底我国石漠化土地现状及分布特征,得出以下结论:(1)我国石漠化土地主要分布在南方热带亚热带、湿润半湿润岩溶地区,涉及10个省(市)的508个县(市、区),该区域是长江和珠江的重要水源涵养区、珠江发源地和我国南方重要的生态安全屏障;(2)石漠化程度以中度、轻度为主;(3)石漠化区林草植被中灌草覆盖占比高,林草植被质量不高,巩固治理成果压力大;(4)石漠化分布区的人地矛盾突出,巩固脱贫成果压力大;(5)潜在石漠化土地面积大,潜在风险高。以上分析结果可为石漠化防治政策制定与科学推进石漠化综合工程提供数据支撑。

In order to improve the data sharing and application level of rocky desertification survey results,through in-depth excavation on the fourth rocky desertification survey data,the status quo and distribution characteristics of rocky desertification land in China by the end of 2021 were analyzed,and the following conclusions were drawn:(1)The rocky desertification land is mainly distributed in the tropical and subtropical,humid and semi-humid karst areas in the south of China,involving 508 counties(county-level cities and districts) in 10 provinces(municipalities),which is an important water source conservation area of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River,the cradle of the Pearl River and an important ecological security barrier in the south of China;(2)The degrees of rocky desertification are mainly moderate or mild;(3)The proportion of shrub and grass coverage in the forest and grass vegetation in rocky desertification area is high,the quality of forest and grass vegetation is poor,and the consolidation pressure of control achievements is great;(4)The contradiction between people and land in rocky desertification area is prominent,and the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements is under great pressure;(5)The potential rocky desertification land area is large,the potential danger is high.Through the above analysis,it can provide data support for the formulation of rocky desertification control policy and scientific promotion of rocky desertification comprehensive projects.