上海市松江区学生伤害病例特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of students′injuries in Songjiang District of Shanghai

目的 分析上海市松江区学生因伤害就诊病例特征分布,为开展学生伤害防控工作提供依据。方法 收集上海市松江区2017—2019年全国伤害监测系统(National Injury Surveillance System, NISS)中职业为在校学生的伤害病例数据,分析一般人口学、伤害发生和伤害临床特征。结果 2017—2019年松江区共报告学生伤害病例13 877例,性别比为1.94∶1,发生伤害的学生病例的文化程度以小学为主,学生伤害高发月份为5月份(9.97%)和11月份(9.67%)。跌倒/坠落(50.83%)是学生伤害发生的首要原因。伤害发生地点主要在家中(30.08%)、学校与公共场所(28.11%)、公路/街道(22.97%)。伤害发生时主要从事休闲活动(34.62%)、体育活动(18.50%)和驾乘交通工具(17.68%)。前三位伤害性质依次为挫伤/擦伤(42.94%)、扭伤/拉伤(28.67%)和锐器伤/咬伤/开放伤(13.53%)。前三位伤害部位依次为下肢(38.39%)、头部(27.82%)、上肢(24.88%)。结论 松江区学生伤害防治应重点关注男生群体和低年龄段学生,并针对不同年龄段学生开展有针对性的伤害防控工作。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of injuries among students in Songjiang district,Shanghai,and to provide data support for preventing injuries among students.Methods Data of injury cases among school students in Songjiang from 2017 to 2019 were collected from the National Injury Surveillance System(NISS),and the demographic characteristics,injury occurrence and clinical characteristics of injuries were analyzed.Results A total of 13877 cases of injuries in school students were reported from 2017-2019,with a sex ratio of 1.94∶1.The education level of the injured students was mainly primary school.The peak incidence months of student injuries were May(9.97%)and November(9.67%).Falls(50.83%)were the leading cause of student injuries,and the top three places of student injuries were at home(30.08%),in schools and public places(28.11%)and on roads/streets(22.97%).The top three activities at the time of the injury were leisure activities(34.62%),sports activities(18.50%),and taking transportation(17.68%).The top three injury types were bruise/scratch(42.94%),sprain/strain(28.67%)and sharps/bite/open injury(13.53%).The common injury parts were lower limbs(38.39%),head(27.82%)and upper limbs(24.88%).Conclusion The prevention of injuries in school students in Songjiang should focus on male students and low age students,and targeted injury prevention and control work for students of different ages should be carried out.