湖北省162名碘治疗工作人员甲状腺^(131)I活度测量

Measurement of thyroid^(131)I activity in 162 iodine treatment workers in Hubei Province,China

目的了解核医学人员甲状腺^(131)I职业内照射现状,探讨内照射的影响因素,为核医学辐射安全管理提供依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,抽取湖北省24家医院中^(131)I治疗场所的162名工作人员,利用便携式γ谱仪体外测量甲状腺^(131)I活度,并估算待积有效剂量。结果13家医院检出甲状腺^(131)I活度高出仪器探测下限,占比54.17%;2家医院检出率最高为62.50%和61.90%;与其余11家医院差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001);共有34人甲状腺^(131)I检出,检出率20.99%,平均活度为179.09±138.71(6.02~589.74)Bq;检出率最高的为保洁人员与护士,分别为35.71%和33.33%,各岗位间检出率差异无统计学意义(最小P>0.08);34人待积有效剂量均值为0.68±0.52(0.02~2.22)mSv/a。结论^(131)I使用量和场所通风可能是影响内照射水平的重要因素,应加强核医学人员防护知识培训与工作流程管理,^(131)I治疗相关工作人员职业内照射应开展常规监测。

Objective To determine the current status of occupational internal exposure to^(131)I in the thyroid of nuclear medicine workers,to explore the influencing factors for internal exposure,and to provide a basis for the radiation safety management of nuclear medicine.Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select 162 workers practicing^(131)I treatment in 24 hospitals in Hubei Province,China.Thyroid^(131)I activity levels were measured in vitro using a portableγ-spectrometer,and the committed effective dose was estimated.Results The thyroid^(131)I activity detected in 13(54.17%)hospitals was above the lower limit of detection of the instrument.Two hospitals had the highest detection rates,62.50%and 61.90%;the difference was significant compared with the remaining 11 hospitals(P<0.0001).Thyroid^(131)I was detected in 34 workers in total,with a detection rate of 20.99%and a mean activity of 179.09±138.71(6.02-589.74)Bq.The highest detection rates were found in cleaners and nurses,which were 35.71%and 33.33%,respectively,with no significant difference in detection rate between positions(least P>0.08).The mean value of the committed effective dose was 0.68±0.52(0.02-2.22)mSv/a in the 34 workers.Conclusion The^(131)I consumption and workplace ventilation may be important factors affecting the level of internal exposure.It is important to strengthen the training of nuclear medicine workers on radioprotection and workflow management,as well as the regular monitoring of occupational internal exposure for^(131)I treatment-related workers.