气道上皮细胞在过敏性哮喘固有免疫应答中的作用研究进展

Research progress on role of airway epithelial cells in innate immune response of allergic asthma

过敏性哮喘是一种发病率逐年升高的慢性疾病,典型表现是气道炎症和气道高反应性。气道上皮细胞(AEC)作为抵御多种过敏原的第一道屏障,能够率先启动固有免疫应答参与过敏性哮喘,AEC通过分泌抗微生物物质、表达模式识别受体、分泌固有免疫因子、参与固有免疫记忆的方式调节适应性免疫应答,影响过敏性哮喘的进程。因此AEC被认为是过敏性哮喘中肺部炎症和免疫应答的调节枢纽。另外,针对AEC固有免疫功能的靶向治疗药物也得到了快速发展,为临床治疗过敏性哮喘提供了更多选择。

Allergic asthma is a chronic disease with an increasing incidence year by year.The typical manifestations are airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.Airway epithelial cell(AEC),as the first barrier against a variety of allergens,can be the first to initiate the innate immune response to participate in allergic asthma.AEC regulates the adaptive immune response by secreting antimicrobial substances,expressing pattern recognition receptors,secreting innate immune factors,participating in innate immune memory and affects the process of allergic asthma.Therefore,AEC is considered to be the regulatory hub of lung inflammation and immune response in allergic asthma.In addition,targeted therapy drugs for the innate immune function of AEC have also been developed rapidly,providing more options for clinical treatment of allergic asthma.