FDM直齿轮尺寸偏差的试验研究与工艺参数优化

Experimental Study on Dimensional Deviation of FDM Spur Gear and Optimization of Process Parameters

熔融沉积成型(FDM)过程中热塑性材料的热胀冷缩是影响成型件尺寸精度的重要因素。本文以分层厚度、喷头温度、打印速度、底板温度这4个打印参数为控制变量,利用正交试验研究了打印参数对聚合物直齿轮尺寸精度的影响,运用三维扫描技术对聚合物直齿轮打印件进行测量,分析了齿轮各部位的变形特征,进而计算出不同打印参数组合下的齿廓总偏差。采用齿距仪测量了聚合物直齿轮打印件的齿距偏差。运用极差法分析了打印参数对齿廓总偏差和齿距偏差的影响顺序。最后,采用综合平衡法获得了最优工艺参数组合:喷头温度230℃、底板温度87℃、打印速度40 mm/s、层厚0.1 mm。

The thermal expansion and cold shrinkage of thermoplastic materials in FDM(Fused deposition modeling)process is an important factor affecting the dimensional accuracy of 3D printed parts.The influence of the printing parameters on the dimensional accuracy of polymer spur gear was studied by using orthogonal experiment with four printing parameters as control variables,including layer thickness,nozzle temperature,printing speed and bed temperature.Three-dimensional scanning technology was used to measure the printed polymer spur gears,and the deformation characteristics of each gear were analyzed,thereby determining the tooth profile deviation of the polymer spur gears.The pitch deviation was measured by pitch meter.The influence order of the printing parameters on the tooth profile deviation and pitch deviation was analyzed by using the range method.Finally,the optimal combination of printing parameters obtained by using the comprehensive balance method is as follows:nozzle temperature is 230℃,bed temperature is 87℃,printing speed is 40 mm/s,and layer thickness is 0.1 mm.