挖掘机智能辅助施工系统设计

Design of intelligent auxiliary construction system for excavator

为解决挖掘机施工路径、位置与深度盲目和效率低的问题,设计并实现一种挖掘机辅助施工系统。采用北斗定位接收机、激光测距仪、陀螺仪等传感器对传统挖掘机进行信息化改造。根据挖掘机施工特点,提出基于欧拉图的挖掘机施工路径规划算法,融合遗传算法、原子搜索优化算法和粒子群算法对施工图进行欧拉化处理。根据多传感器信息建立挖掘机三维施工模型,实现挖掘点位置与深度的在线软测量。济南市某施工现场试验结果表明,本研究提出的辅助施工系统路径规划合理,施工位置测量误差小于6 cm,施工深度测量误差小于5 cm。挖掘机智能施工辅助系统可以有效提升施工效率,节省施工成本。

To solve the problems of blindness and low efficiency of excavator route,location,and depth construction,an excavator-assisted construction system was designed and implemented.Beidou positioning receiver,laser rangefinder,gyroscope,and other sensors were used to carry out the informatization transformation of traditional excavators.Combining the construction characteristics of excavators,an excavator construction route planning algorithm based on Euler diagrams was proposed,which integrated genetic algorithm,atomic search optimization algorithm and particle swarm algorithm to complete Eulerization of construction drawings.Ac-cording to the multi-sensor information,a three-dimensional construction model of the excavator was established to realize the online soft measurement of the position and depth of the excavation point.The test results of a construction site in Jinan City showed that the path planning of the auxiliary construction system proposed in this study was reasonable.The measurement error of the position was less than 6 cm,and the measurement error of the depth was less than 5 cm.The excavator intelligent construction auxiliary sys-tem could effectively improve the construction efficiency and save the construction cost.