接触视野下壮侗语及东南汉语方言“数+量+名”结构语序之演化

Evolution of the"Number+Classifiers+Noun"Structure in Kam-Tai Languages and Southeast Chinese from the Perspective of Language Contact

东南汉语及壮侗语枚举结构语序与其各自名量词产生方式及类型学性质密切相关。壮侗语自身先后发展出两类不同性质的分类词(名-分类词和数-分类词),汉语与壮侗语接触是导致壮侗语枚举结构复杂化的主要原因。东南汉语方言优势枚举结构“NUM+CL+N”承自古汉语,但在古汉语和古越语接触中历经复杂的演变,又因古今汉语在接触过程中皆处于优势地位,导致接触诱发的其他形式向“NUM+CL+N”并合。“NUM+CL+N”语序是汉语和壮侗语接触过程中壮侗语族诸语言枚举结构的演变方向。

The Enumeration structural word order of Chinese and Kam-Tai languages is closely related to the generation mode and typology of their respective classifiers.Two kinds of classifiers(Number Classifiers and Noun Classifiers)developed successively in the Kam-Tai languages,and the contact between Chinese and the ancient Yue dialects(Kam-Tai)are the main reasons for the complexity of the enumeration structure in the Kam-Tai languages.During the contact between Chinese and the ancient Yue dialects,the dominant enumeration structure"NUM+CL+N"in southeast Chinese dialects that inherited from ancient Chinese went through complex paths.The word order of"NUM+CL+N"is the direction of enumeration structure in the Kam-Tai languages during the contact between Chinese and Kam-Tai languages.