内蒙古自治区某口岸城市4起新冠病毒感染疫情的流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics of 4 epidemics of COVID-19 in a port city of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

目的 分析内蒙古自治区某口岸城市4起新冠病毒感染疫情的流行特征,为优化疫情防控策略和措施提供参考依据。方法 COVID-19病例数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统、现场流行病学调查和实验室检测数据,对社会人口学、指示病例发现方式、社会面清零时间、疫情持续时间、临床症状、基因测序数据等进行统计分析。结果 2021年11月27日—2022年5月2日,内蒙古某口岸城市先后发生4起疫情,其中1起由新冠病毒Delta变异株引起,3起由Omicron变异株引起,累计报告病例621例,均为确诊病例。病例最小年龄2月龄,最大99岁,以19~59岁人群为主,占54.91%。仅49.11%病例自述有明显的咳嗽/干咳(45.90%)、咽干/咽痒/咽痛(32.46%)、发热(22.95%)等流感样症状,而乏力(3.61%)、嗅觉异常(3.28%)和腹痛腹泻(2.30%)相对较少。Delta变异株感染者以咳嗽/干咳(47.03%)为主,而Omicron变异株感染者以咽干/咽痒/咽痛(77.14%)为主。结论 4起疫情流行特征各异,均体现了早发现对疫情控制方面的重要作用。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 4 epidemics of COVID-19 in a port city of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and provide reference for optimizing epidemic prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods The data of COVID-19 cases was collected from National Notifiable Disease Report System of China,field epidemiological investigation and laboratory test.The social demography,screening method for the indicated cases,the time of social clearance,duration of the epidemic situation,clinical symptoms and typing,gene sequences were statistically analyzed.Results Since November 27,2021 to May 2,2022,a total of 621 COVID-19 confirmed cases were reported in the 4 epidemics in the port city of Inner Mongolia,among which 1 was caused by Delta variant and 3 Omicron variant.The minimum age was 2 months old,the maximum age was 99 years old,and 19-59 years old was the main population(54.91%).Only 49.11%of the cases had obvious ilnfluenza-like symptoms such as cough/dry cough(45.90%),pharyngeal dryness/pharyngeal itching/pharyngeal pain(32.46%),fever(22.95%),while fatigue(3.61%),abnormal smell(3.28%)and abdominal pain and diarrhea(2.30%).The Delta variant infection cases were mainly cough/dry cough(47.03%),while the Omicron cases were mainly pharyngeal dryness/pharyngeal itching/pharyngeal pain(77.14%).Conclusion The characteristics of the 4 epidemic were different,all indicated the important role of early detection in epidemic control.