深圳市中学生维生素D缺乏与焦虑抑郁症状的关联

Association of vitamin D deficiency with anxiety and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Shenzhen

目的探讨深圳市中学生维生素D缺乏与焦虑、抑郁及焦虑抑郁共病症状的关联,为促进儿童青少年心理健康提供科学依据。方法2021年10—12月,采用方便抽样选取深圳市4所中学1323名初一和高一学生开展问卷调查和体格检查,采集空腹血检测维生素D水平。采用χ^(2)检验和多因素Logistic回归模型分析中学生维生素D缺乏与焦虑、抑郁及焦虑抑郁共病症状的关联。结果中学生焦虑症状、抑郁症状、焦虑抑郁共病症状检出率分别为33.0%,21.5%,16.3%。调整混杂因素后,二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,中学生维生素D缺乏与焦虑症状(OR=1.59,95%CI=1.02~2.46)、抑郁症状(OR=1.94,95%CI=1.22~3.09)及焦虑抑郁共病症状(OR=1.75,95%CI=1.06~2.90)的风险均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论中学生维生素D缺乏与焦虑、抑郁及焦虑抑郁共病症状的增加相关,关联的方向性值得进一步研究。

Objective To explore the association of vitamin D deficiency with anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as their comorbidity,so as to provide references for improving the mental health of children and adolescents.Methods From October to December 2021,a total of 1323 students from four middle schools in Shenzhen were selected by using convenience sampling method for a questionnaire survey and physical examination.Fasting blood samples were collected to detect vitamin D levels.The Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression model were used to analyze the association of vitamin D deficiency with anxiety and depressive symptoms and their comorbidity among middle school students.Results The detection rates of anxiety,depressive,and thier comorbidities in middle school students were 33.0%,21.5%and 16.3%,respectively.After adjusting for confounding factors,vitamin D deficiency was positively associated with the risk of anxiety symptoms(OR=1.59,95%CI=1.02-2.46),depressive symptoms(OR=1.94,95%CI=1.22-3.09)and anxiety-depressive co-morbid symptoms(OR=1.75,95%CI=1.06-2.90)in secondary school students(P<0.05).Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of anxiety,depressive and their co-morbidity symptoms in middle school students,and the directionality of the association should be further studied.