高中生报考预防医学专业意愿的研究

Investigation on senior high school students′intention for enrolment in preventive medicine

目的:研究高中生报考预防医学专业(简称预防医学)的意愿。方法:采用问卷调查法,于2021年3至6月期间选取浙江省、广东省、四川省和安徽省4个省份5所高中就读的9 574名高中生为研究对象,了解其报考预防医学的意愿及其影响因素。通过logistic回归模型对数据进行分析。结果:在参与调查的8 050名高中生中,报考预防医学意愿较强的学生4 347人(54.0%),其中1 081名(13.4%)学生会将预防医学作为第一志愿填报。女生( χ^(2)=4.08, P=0.043)、高三年级( χ^(2)=12.43, P=0.006)、居住于三线城市及以下( χ^(2)=20.88, P<0.001)、家人或熟悉的人对报考预防医学表示支持( OR=8.78,95% CI=5.044~15.275)、对预防医学了解程度极高( OR=2.64,95% CI=2.030~3.445)的高中生报考意愿更高。 结论:高中生报考预防医学意愿较高,其报考意愿受多方面因素的影响。可通过加强对公卫行业的科普宣传和积极导向等措施提高高中生报告预防医学的意愿。

Objective To investigate on high school students'intention for enrolment in preventive medicine.Methods The method of questionnaire survey was adopted.From March to June 2021,9574 senior high school students from 5 senior high schools in Zhejiang,Guangdong,Sichuan and Anhui provinces were recruited to inquire about their intention for enrolment in preventive medicine and its influencing factors.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the data.Results Among the 8050 senior high school students who effectively flled out the questionnaire,4347 students(54.0%)had strong intention to apply for the major of preventive medicine,among which 1081 high school students(13.4%)would choose preventive medicine as their first-choice profession.Girls(χ^(2)=4.08,P=0.043),senior three students(χ^(2)=12.43,P=0.006),students living in third-tier cities or below(χ^(2)=20.88,P<0.001),students whose family member or acquaintance expressed support for applying for preventive medicine(OR=8.78,95%CI=5.044~15.275),students with very high understanding of preventive medicine(OR=2.64,95%CI=2.030~3.445)have stronger intention for enrolment in preventive medicine.Conclusions Senior high school students'intention for preventive medicine is higher and influenced by many factors.In order to attract talents in the field of public health,measures such as strengthening the publicity and positive guidance of the public health industry can be used to improve senior high school students'intension for enrolment in preventive medicine.