创新性人体机能实验教学体系的构建与应用

Construction and application of innovative experimental system of human function

传统机能学实验以验证性动物实验为主,强调固定的步骤程序和操作规范,几乎不涉及临床使用的动态检测技术、仪器等。此种教学模式中,学生缺乏自由探索的机会,与临床、科研结合不够紧密,不符合医学教育早临床、早科研、自主学习的要求,不能充分实现以胜任力为导向的培养目标。南京医科大学近年大力推行的人体机能实验是以人体为实验观察对象,可直接获取人体数据的实验模式,与临床结合紧密,具有极强的参与性、互动性、体验性、探索性和创新性。本研究通过深入探索自主研发穿戴式实验仪器,实现多路生理信号的长时程检测,实施体验探究式教学设计等,构建了人体机能实验教学体系,让学生能够沉浸式学习,将医学教育基础和临床结合、实训和虚拟互补、教学与科研融通,达到了较好的教学效果。

The traditional functional experiment is mainly based on the verificational animal experiment,which emphasizes the fixed procedure and standard operation,and almost does not involve the dynamic detection technology and instruments used in clinical practice.In this teaching model,students lack the opportunity to explore freely,and the combination with clinical and scientific research is not sufficiently.It does not meet the requirements of early clinical,early scientific research and independent learning in medical education,and cannot fully realize the training goal of competence-oriented outcomes.In recent years,the human functional experiment which was vigorously promoted in Nanjing Medical University is an experimental mode which takes human as the experimental object and directly obtains human data.It is closely combined with clinical practice and has strong participation,interactivity,experience,exploration and innovation.In this study,through in-depth exploration of self-developed wearable experimental instruments,long-term detection of multiple physiological signals and experiential inquiry-based teaching design,a perfect teaching system of human functional experiment was constructed,which let the students and teachers can be immersed in teaching and learning to achieve satisfactory teaching results,and to the greatest extent,the combination of basic and clinical medical education,the complementarity of physical and virtual learning experiences,and the integration of teaching and scientific research were realized.