“双减”背景下“职教高考”的必要性、可行性与建构策略

The Necessity, Feasibility and Construction Strategy of Vocational Education College Entrance Exam under the “Double Deduction” Policy

“双减”背景下,建立“职教高考”制度的必要性和迫切性与日俱增。建立“职教高考”可畅通职业教育上升渠道,缓解学生和家长对教育分流和优质高等教育资源获取的焦虑,使“双减”与高考相向而行,缩小普通教育与职业教育毕业生差距。基于以考促学的文化土壤,国外职业教育选拔的经验利弊和当前职业教育发展的现实环境,现阶段我国设立“职教高考”具备“天时地利人和”。“十四五”时期是建成“职教高考”制度的关键节点,应结合试点经验,完善制度顶层设计;提升职业院校办学水平,推动职业本科教育建设;落实“双减”政策,引导学生合理选择发展路径。

Under the“double reduction”policy, the necessity and urgency of establishing a vocational education college entrance examination system are increasing day by day. Establishing the college entrance examination for vocational education can unblock the rising channels of vocational education, ease the anxiety of students and parents about the diversion of education diversion and the acquisition of high-quality higher education resources, make“double deduction”compatible with the college entrance examination, and shorten the gap between general education and vocational education students. Based on the cultural soil of promoting learning through examinations, the advantages and disadvantages of foreign vocational education selection experience and the current reality of vocational education development, the establishment of vocational education college entrance examinations in China is at the right time. The“14th Five-Year Plan”period is a key node for the completion of the vocational education college entrance examination. We should combine the pilot experience to improve the top-level design of the system, improve the level of vocational colleges, promote the construction of vocational undergraduate education, and implement the“double reduction”policy to guide students to choose a reasonable development path.