壳聚糖/植酸静电纺涂层阻燃疏水棉织物的制备及其性能

Fabrication and properties of flame-retardant and hydrophobic cotton fabric based on electro-spun coating of chitosan/phytic acid

为改善现有生物质阻燃剂整理工艺对棉织物手感的影响,并且赋予阻燃棉织物疏水功能,试验采用壳聚糖(CS)/植酸(PA)膨胀型阻燃体系,通过静电纺丝工艺调整阻燃剂在棉织物中的沉积位置,并在表面构筑疏水层。研究发现,当纺丝液中CS与PEO的质量比为90∶10,总质量分数为3.5%时,可以得到细度均匀且形貌良好的CS/PEO纳米纤维。喷涂的PA通过与CS之间的静电力吸附在纤维膜表面,磷含量在纤维膜上存在饱和值。经阻燃处理的棉织物的最大热释放速率(THR)和总热释放量(HRR)都有不同程度的下降,并且CS/PEO/PA静电纺丝阻燃层在气相和凝聚相上同时起阻燃作用。疏水处理后的阻燃棉织物的静态接触角可达150.6°,经8次洗涤后LOI仍可达到25.3%。相比于浸渍层层自组装法,静电纺丝涂层法制备的阻燃疏水棉织物断裂伸长提高了41%,硬挺度下降84%,悬垂系数提高8.7%,为生物质阻燃体系制备阻燃疏水棉织物提供了新的解决方案。

In order to improve the effect of the existing bio-based flame retardant finishing process on the hand feeling of cotton fabric and to give the flame retardant cotton fabric hydrophobic function,the experiment adopts the chitosan(CS)/phytic acid(PA)expansion flame retardant system,adjusts the deposition position of flame retardant in the cotton fabric by electrospinning process,and constructs a hydrophobic layer on the sur⁃face.The results show that when the ratio of CS to PEO of 90∶10 in the spinning solution and the total concen⁃tration is 3.5%,CS/PEO nanofibers with even fineness and good appearance can be obtained.The sprayed PA can be adsorbed on the surface of the electrospun membrane through the electrostatic force between CS and PA,and the content of phosphorus on the fiber film has saturation values.The THR and HRR of the cotton fab⁃ric after treated by flame retardant decrease in different degrees,and the CS/PEO/PA electrospinning flame re⁃tardant layer plays a flame retardant role in both the gas phase and the condensed phase.After hydrophobic treatment,the static contact angle of flame retardant cotton fabric can reach 150.7°,and LOI can still reach 25.2%after 8 cycles of washing.Compared with the impregnated layer self-assembly method,the breaking elongation of flame retardant hydrophobic cotton fabric prepared by electrostatic spinning coating method in⁃creases by 41%,stiffness decreases by 84%,and drapability increases by 8.7%,which can provide a new solu⁃tion for the preparation of flame retardant hydrophobic cotton fabric using bio-based flame retardant system.