云南省金沙江中下游流域致病性耶尔森菌调查研究

Investigation of pathogenic Yersinia in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River,Yunnan Province,China

目的了解云南省金沙江中下游流域鼠疫耶尔森菌、假结核耶尔森菌及小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌3种致病性耶尔森菌的分布及流行现状。方法选择云南省金沙江中下游流域5个县,采集鼠盲肠及犬肛门拭子标本,通过冷增菌后提取增菌液DNA并对foxA、ail、inv、caf1等特异基因进行PCR检测,基因阳性可疑标本进行菌株分离纯化后进行菌落PCR鉴定,对实验结果进行统计分析。结果采集标本1631份,其中鼠盲肠段标本985份、犬肛门拭子标本646份。自鼠肠道中共分离到小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌24株,分离率为2.44%(24/985),自犬肛门拭子中共分离到14株,分离率为2.17%(14/646),小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌总分离率为2.33%(38/1631),且38株小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌毒力基因检测均为阴性;自昭通永善县犬肛门拭子中分离到唯一1株假结核耶尔森菌,分离率为0.15%(1/646);未分离到鼠疫耶尔森菌。结论云南省金沙江中下游流域鼠和家犬中携带非致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌,云南省首次自鼠疫指示动物犬中分离到假结核耶尔森菌,未发现鼠疫耶尔森菌的相关线索。

This study investigated the distribution and epidemic status of Yersinia pestis,Yersinia pseudotubercularis and Yersinia enterocolitica in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River in Yunnan Province.Rat cecal and dog anal swab specimens were collected from five counties in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River in Yunnan Province.DNA was extracted from bacterial solutions after clod increasing bacteria,and PCR was performed for foxA,ail,inv,caf1 and other specific genes.After isolation and purification,bacterial colony PCR was used to identify the suspicious specimens with positive gene findings,and the experimental results were statistically analyzed.A total of 1631 specimens were collected,including 985 rat cecal segment specimens and 646 dog anal swab specimens.A total of 24 strains of Y.enterocolitica were isolated from mouse intestines,with an isolation rate of 2.44%(24/985),and 14 strains were isolated from dog anal swabs,with an isolation rate of 2.17%(14/646).The total isolation rate of Y.enterocolitica was 2.33%(38/1631).The virulence genes of 38 strains of Y.enterocolitica were negative.The only strain of Y.pseudotubercularis was isolated from dog anal swabs in Yongshan County,Zhaotong,with an isolation rate of 0.15%(1/646).Y.pestis was not isolated.Non-pathogenic Y.enterocolitica was detected in rats and dogs in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River in Yunnan Province.Y.pseudotubercularis was isolated from dogs,an indicator animal of plague,for the first time in Yunnan Province,but no evidence related to Y.pestis was found.