交通基础设施对商贸流通效率的影响研究

Impact of Transportation Infrastructure on the Commercial Circulation Efficiency

文章构建交通基础设施影响商贸流通效率的理论假说,使用2000—2020年省际面板数据,实证分析交通基础设施对商贸流通效率的影响效应和微观作用机制,并探究样本区域和时间区间差异导致的异质性。研究结果表明:(1)交通基础设施能显著促进批发业和零售业流通效率提升,采用替换变量的稳健性检验和工具变量的内生性检验均支持基准估计结果。(2)交通基础设施对商贸流通效率的影响效应存在空间和时间差异,在内陆地区的影响效应显著大于沿海地区,动车组开通之后的影响效应显著大于开通之前。(3)中介效应估计结果表明,交通基础设施通过费用节约、市场规模扩大和分工深化三个机制显著促进批发业和零售业效率提升。

By constructing the theoretical hypothesis that the transportation infrastructure affects the commercial circulation efficiency,using the interprovincial panel data from 2000 to 2020,this paper empirically analyzes the effect and mechanism of transportation infrastructure on commercial circulation efficiency.The results show that:(1)transportation infrastructure can significantly promote the efficiency of wholesale and retail circulation,both the robustness test of substitution variables and the test of instrumental variables supported the benchmark estimation results.(2)The effect of transportation infrastructure on commercial circulation efficiency is different in space and time,the effect in inland area was significantly greater than that in coastal area,and the influence effect after the opening of EMU is significantly greater than that before the EMU is in operation.(3)The mediation effect estimation results show that,transportation infrastructure significantly enhances the efficiency of wholesale and retail industries through three mechanisms of cost savings,market size expansion and division of labor deepening.