基于再生制动能利用的高铁列车运行图优化

Optimization of high-speed train timetable based on regenerative braking energy utilization

动车组列车在制动时会产生大量再生制动能源,可供同一供电分区牵引列车使用,充分利用再生制动能可以降低运营能耗并节约运营成本.利用列车始发站发车时刻及停车站停站时间的可控性,考虑多列车安全运行间隔与动车组交路中车次接续时间等约束条件,以再生制动能利用最大化为目标构建节能时刻表模型,使用Gurobi求解器求解,并通过实例检验模型有效性.结果表明,优化后的列车运行图再生制动能利用率为49.3%,节约的牵引能耗可达14967.622 kW⋅h,节能效果显著;对比退火算法的模拟结果表明,使用Gurobi求解器后的模型精度与效率均较优.研究结果可为铁路运输部门编制节能运行图提供参考.

Multiple units train generates a large amount of regenerative braking energy during braking,which can be used by traction trains in the same power supply zone.Making full use of this regenerative energy is of great practical significance for green transportation on high-speed rail.In this study,we construct an integer programming model with the goal of maximizing the utilization of the regenerative braking energy in the timetable.We solve the model by using the Gurobi solver under the consideration of the constraints such as the safe running interval of multiple trains and the connection of electric multiple unit trains(EMUs).Finally,we test the validity of the model by an example.The results show that the optimized train schedule has 49.3%utilization rate of regenerative braking energy,saving 14967.622 kW‧h of traction energy consumption,indicating significant energy-saving effects.Through the compara⁃tive analysis with the simulated annealing algorithm,we conclude that the Gurobi solver is better in terms of accuracy and efficiency.The proposed method can provide a reference for operating departments to formulate the energysaving timetables.