江苏省居民健康意识现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Jiangsu Residents’Health Awareness

目的了解江苏省居民健康意识现状及影响因素,为开展有针对性的健康教育提供依据。方法采用网络调查的方法,使用自编调查问卷对江苏省744名居民进行问卷调查。结果江苏省居民的健康意识平均得分为(3.90±0.60);其中,五个维度的得分从高到低依次为日常卫生保健意识(4.15±0.63)、慢性病预防意识(4.00±0.65)、传染病预防意识(3.99±0.63)、基本医疗意识(3.73±0.78)、安全与急救意识(3.63±0.81)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、学历、身体健康状况、性别、职业、城乡、地区是居民健康意识的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论江苏省居民的健康意识水平比较高。应通过健康教育重点提升老年、男性、苏北地区、农村、学历比较低、身体健康状况比较差的居民的健康意识水平,并出台助推型政策以缩小居民健康行为与健康意识之间的差距,提高居民的整体健康水平。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of Jiangsu residents’health awareness,so as to provide the basis for carrying out targeted health education.Methods A total of 744 residents in Jiangsu Province were surveyed with a self-made questionnaire by using the method of Internet survey.Results The average score of Jiangsu residents’health awareness was 3.90±0.60,and the scores of the five dimensions from high to low were scientific daily health care awareness(4.15±0.63),chronic disease prevention awareness(4.00±0.65),infectious disease prevention awareness(3.99±0.63),basic medical care awareness(3.73±0.78),safety and first aid awareness(3.63±0.81).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,educational level,physical health status,gender,occupation,urban or rural areas,and regions were the influencing factors of Jiangsu residents’health awareness(P<0.05).Conclusion The health awareness level of residents in Jiangsu is relatively high.Health education should focus on improving the level of health amareness of residents of elderly,male,living in northern Jiangsu,and rural areas,with lower educational backgrounds and poor physical health conditions.Boosting policies should be introduced to narrow the gap between residents'health behavior and awareness,and improve the overall health level of residents.