“流土并治”中土司权力的嬗变——沿河祐溪副长官司《吏科杂录》的解读

On the Transfer of Power of Tusi During“Joint-governance by the Government-appointed Officials and the Local Tusi”——An Interpretation of Miscellanies of the Bureaucracy by a Local Official of Youxi,Yanhe

《吏科杂录》是研究“流土并治”的重要史料。对其解读发现,清代“流土并治”中沿河祐溪副长官司的土司权力已遗留不多,职责主要为赋税征收、维护治安、完成地方官府交办事务。“土流并治”与“流土并治”在治理主体上相似,但二者属于不同性质的两种社会治理模式。二者演变的过程是国家治理不断深化、国家权力在土司地区不断深入的结果。

Miscellanies of the Bureaucracy is an important body of literature on the study of“joint-governance by the government-appointed officials and the local chieftains”.A careful study of the book reveals that the powers of the Tusi in Youxi,Yanhe were very limited during the joint-governance in Qing Dynasty and these powers included taxation,peace-keeping and finishing the tasks assigned by the local officials.Despite their similarities,“joint-governance by the local Tusi and the government-appointed officials”and“joint-governance by the government-appointed officials and the local Tusi”are two different modes of administration.The evolution of the two modes has been the result of the deepening of the national governance and the penetration of national power in the Tusi area.