基于改进的当量因子法的生态服务价值时空变化研究——以长江流域为例

Spatio-temporal Changes of Ecological Service Value Based on ImprovedEquivalent Factor Method:Case Study on Yangtze River Basin

生态服务价值评估是对区域生态系统价值的总体估测,是生态保护和管理的决策依据。长江流域地域广阔、生态和社会经济系统非常复杂,现有的生态服务价值评估方法较难在大空间尺度上反映流域生态系统的整体情况。基于当量因子法计算量小、实用性强的特点,对该方法进行改进,评估了长江流域2010年、2015年、2018年的生态服务价值变化。结果表明:(1)当量因子法能够在大空间尺度上便捷的计算流域生态资产,在管理实践中的适用性较强;(2)2010年、2015年、2018年长江流域生态服务价值分别为58893.47亿、58865.02亿、59506.27亿元;(3)2010—2018年流域上游地区的生态服务价值增加较多,四川盆地和长江中下游平原地区的生态服务价值总体上有所减少。(4)近年来受长江大保护的影响,中下游部分沿江临湖地区的生态服务价值明显增加。研究成果为探讨当量因子法在长江流域生态服务价值评估中的适用性提供了借鉴,为进一步摸清长江流域生态资产的存量及其变化趋势提供了一定参考。

The evaluation of ecological service value serves as a foundation for ecological protection and management by assessing the value of regional ecosystems.However,evaluating the ecological service value of the Yangtze River Basin(YRB)is challenging due to its vast spatial scale and complex ecological and socio-economic systems.Current methods are limited in their ability to effectively provide a comprehensive overview of the ecological service value in the YRB.To address this limitation,we have developed an advanced method based on equivalent weight factors for the evaluation of ecological service value in the YRB for the years 2010,2015,and 2018.Results manifest that:(1)the equivalent factor method is applicable to large river basins as it offers relatively lower calculation costs compared to other methods;(2)the total ecological service value of the YRB in 2010,2015,and 2018 were 5889.347 billion yuan,5886.502 billion yuan,and 5950.627 billion yuan,respectively;(3)the ecological service value in most of the upper reaches exhibited an increase,while in the Sichuan Basin and the plains in the middle and lower reaches generally decreased;(4)due to recent protection efforts for the Yangtze River,the ecological assets along the river and lakes in the middle and lower reaches have significantly increased.These findings provide reference information for exploring the applicability of the equivalent factor method in evaluating the ecological service value of the YRB.Moreover,they offer valuable data for understanding the changing trends of ecological assets in the basin.