2万吨列车大秦线长大下坡道缓解车钩力优化

Optimization of Coupler Force Release on Long Downslope for 20 000 Ton Train on Datong-Qinhuangdao Line

重载列车在长大下坡道缓解时经常出现较大的车钩力,严重时会导致发生脱轨、跳钩事故,对列车运行安全性产生了极大威胁。为了解决“1+1+可控列尾”编组的2万吨列车在大秦线长大下坡道运行过程中缓解后出现的车钩力较大问题,文章使用列车空气制动与纵向动力学联合仿真系统,在静态车钩力预测基础上结合动态仿真验证分析列车在不同地点缓解时坡道因素对动态车钩力的影响,找到车钩力更小的缓解区间。计算结果表明,将第1把闸缓解区间前移1 000 m,第2、3、4把闸缓解区间分别后移800 m、1 400 m、900 m,可使4把闸缓解后最大车钩力分别降低10.2%、33.0%、43.2%、29.9%,有效提升了列车运行的安全性。

Heavy haul trains often experience large coupling forces when releasing on long downslope,which can lead to derailment and coupler jumping accidents in severe cases,posing a great threat to the safety of train operation.In order to solve the problem of large coupler force after the release of 20 000 ton trains with "1+1+controllable train tail" in the long downslope operation on Datong-Qinhuangdao Line,this paper uses the joint simulation system of train air brake and longitudinal dynamics to analyze the impact of ramp factors on dynamic coupler force when the train is released at different locations based on the prediction of static coupler force combined with dynamic simulation verification,and find the release section with smaller coupler force.The calculation results show that moving the first brake release interval forward by 1 000 meters,and the second,third,and fourth brake release intervals backward by 800 meters,1 400 meters,and 900 meters respectively,can reduce the maximum train load after the release of the four brakes by 10.2%,33.0%,43.2%,and 29.9%,effectively improving the safety of train operation.